Counselling in HIV and AIDS 3-Counselling Skills艾滋病咨询.pptVIP

Counselling in HIV and AIDS 3:Counselling Skills艾滋病咨询培训3：咨询技巧 Dr Petrak Jenny Dr Yao Bing VSO Aims目的 To understand different forms of communication明白不同类型的交流 To consider confidentiality考虑必威体育官网网址 To understand how our values can affect counselling 明确我们自己的价值可以影响咨询 To practice counselling实践咨询 What is counselling什么是咨询? “HIV/AIDS counseling is a confidential dialogue between a person and a care provider aimed at enabling the client to cope with the stress and take personal decisions relating to HIV and AIDS” (World Health Organization)世界卫生组织对艾滋病咨询的定义如下：求询者和咨询员之间的在必威体育官网网址情况下的谈话，目的是是使求询者能应付HIV感染带来的紧张压力，做出自己的决定。 What are the different types of communication有哪些不同类型的交流? Verbal 言语 Non-verbal 非言语 Intra-personal 私人内部 Inter-personal 私人之间 Mass media 大众媒体 Give examples of each 互相举例…. Non-verbal behaviour非言语行为 Body language include:肢体语言包括 Gestures 手势 Facial expressions面部表情 Posture姿势 Body orientation/distance身体方向、距离 Eye contact目光接触 Mirroring 镜子 Barriers (e.g. desks)障碍（如桌子） Paralinguistic include:非语言包括 Sighs叹气 Groans呻吟 Grunts哼声 Voice volume音量 Giggling咯咯笑 Yawning哈欠 Speed of speech谈话速度 Counselling skills咨询技巧 Counseling Is咨询是… Establishing helping relationships建立帮助关系 Having conversations that have a purpose有目的的谈话 Listening attentively to what clients have to say认真听患者所说的话 Giving correct and appropriate information提供正确、恰当的信息 Helping make informed decisions帮助做决定 Helping recognize and build strengths帮助认识并建立力量 Helping develop a positive attitude帮助树立积极的态度 Counseling Is NOT咨询不是…. Giving Advice提供建议 Making decisions on behalf of clients代表患者做决定 Judging or blaming判断或者是责备 Interrogating or looking for faults置疑或挑错 Preaching or lecturing说教或演讲 Making promises you can’t keep做不能坚持的保证Imposing your own beliefs施加你自己的意见 Effective counselling is有效的咨询是… Ability to maintain confidentiality, make clear and understandable to patient让患者清楚和理解你会必威体育官网网址 Being genuine真诚 Compassion, warmth and positive regard热情、温暖和主动 Ability to meet at patient’s level配合患者的水平 Elicit needed information – closed and o