Unit7- Ad Hoc Formulation.pptVIP

Unit7: Ad Hoc Formulation Consecutive Interpretation II Instructor: Niu Chunling U7: Ad Hoc Formulation（随机转述） The Definition: A strategy adopted by the interpreter to produce an equivalent of certain words, phrases, or terms that only applies to the given discourse or linguistic context. U7: Ad Hoc Formulation（随机转述） The Illustration: Eg1: Watch a bird in flight: at low speeds, the trailing(拖尾的, 末端的) edge of its wings are pointed downwards, forming a hollow curve. This has more lift than flat section(平截面). 如果我们观察一只飞行中的小鸟，　我们会发现小鸟飞地很慢，翅膀向下耷拉，形成一个中空的弧形，这种形状比平展截面有更大的上升力． U7: Ad Hoc Formulation（随机转述） The Illustration: Eg2: 彼得是一间纺织工厂的门卫，他能确切地知道谁是谁。他认识的人会让他们进去，但是如果他不认识你，那你就麻烦了。大学街１６０号的门卫是一个计算机系统，具体来说就是模仿(simulate)人的大脑的人造神经网络。 Peter is a security guard at a textile factory, and he knows exactly who is who. He knows his people and lets them in. But if he doesn’t know you, you are in trouble. The security guard at University Street 160 is a computer program, specifically an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) that simulates the working of the human brain. U7: Ad Hoc Formulation（随机转述） The Implementation: 1. Adaptation (顺应／适应／归化） 2. Coinage (造词） 3. Direct transfer (直接转移) U7: Ad Hoc Formulation（随机转述） Adaptation: An adaptation is aimed at bringing the target text in line with the spirit of the language, thus producing a text which is not obviously a translation. Eg1: A house divided against itself cannot stand. 　　　　　　　　　　家和万事兴． Eg2: A miss is as good as a mile. 　　　　　　　失之毫厘，差之千里． Eg3: A fair death honors the whole life. 死得其所，流芳百世．  U7: Ad Hoc Formulation（随机转述） Coinage: the act or process of inventing words; neologizing. Eg1: the iron curtain → 铁幕 Eg2: the evil axis → 邪恶轴心 Eg3: 三个代表 → the three representatives U7: Ad Hoc Formulation（随机转述） Direct Transfer (proper names/number/signs) Eg: Napoleon Bonarparte died in 1821 on the island of St. Helena. 　　拿破仑.波拿巴于１８２１年死于圣海伦娜岛上。 U7: Practice Trade and Investment Opportuniti