30精准养分管理-土壤养分空间变异与精准管理.docVIP

精准养分管理 土壤养分空间变异与精准管理(英文) Jin Jiyun1,2, Jiang Cheng2 (1Potash and Phosphate Institute of Canada (PPI/PPIC), Beijing 100081) (2Soil and Fertilizer Institute, CAAS, Beijing 100081) 　　1 Situation and problems in soil nutrient management of China　　Large and ever increasing population in China continuous to put pressure on the limited land resource. This problem will become more and more serious in 21 century. It is estimated that the population of China will increase to 1.6 billion and 0.7 billion tons of grain will be needed by 2030. China is facing a great challenge in this aspect. The solution of this problem should depend on the advanced scientific technology to realize the rational allocation and efficient use of natural resources. Soil is foundation for agriculture and fertilizer the food for crop (Jin, 1998). How to manage soil nutrients and allocate efficiently organic and inorganic resources of nutrients is the key for sustainable development of agriculture in China. Since 1970’s, a lot of work has been done and good progress has been made in soil testing and improvement of fertilizer application. But, equal rate application of fertilizer is usually recommended for a 15-20 ha of field with ignorance of soil nutrient variability within the field, which caused that some regions of the field received too much fertilizer, but others too little. As the results, the land and nutrient resources wasted with lost of opportunities and benefit. Little work has been done in China to understand the spatial variability of soil nutrients, which affect the sustainable development of agriculture. The precision agriculture has been successfully developed in developed countries with advanced condition of mechanization and large scale operation. The basic principle on variable rate technique (VRT) and site-specific nutrient management (SSNM), which adjust each agriculture input precisely on the basis of the specific condition of each operation unit of the field, should be able