.甲醛和二甲苯联合染毒对小鼠骨髓细胞遗传毒性研究.docVIP

甲醛和二甲苯联合染毒对小鼠骨髓细胞遗传毒性研究 白雪，原福胜*，张婷，王君霞，王鸿 摘要：目的 探讨甲醛和二甲苯联合腹腔注射染毒对小鼠骨髓细胞的遗传毒性作用。方法 健康清洁级昆明种小鼠78只，雌雄各半，体重18～22g，按体重将小鼠随机分为13组，每组6只。分别为甲醛低(5mg/kg)、中(10mg/kg)、高(20mg/kg)剂量组以及生理盐水（0.01ml/g）阴性对照组；二甲苯低(50mg/kg)、中(100mg/kg)、高(150mg/kg)剂量组以及花生油（0.01ml/g）阴性对照组；联合染毒低(2.5mg/kg甲醛+25mg/kg二甲苯)、中(5mg/kg甲醛+50mg/kg二甲苯)、高(10mg/kg甲醛+75mg/kg二甲苯)剂量组以及生理盐水（0.005ml/g）+花生油（0.005ml/g）阴性对照组；微核试验采用环磷酰胺（40 mg/kg）作为阳性对照组。采用腹腔注射染毒，每天一次，连续7天。染毒结束次日处死小鼠，采用微核试验和彗星试验检测甲醛和二甲苯联合染毒致骨髓细胞的遗传毒性作用。结果 甲醛以及二甲苯均可引起小鼠骨髓细胞微核率增高（P0.05），且随着染毒剂量增加微核率上升，具有较好的剂量反应关系；甲醛与二甲苯联合染毒微核率高于分别独自染毒，在联合染毒高剂量组时尤其明显（P0.05）。甲醛和二甲苯均可使小鼠骨髓细胞DNA发生损伤作用且在高剂量组损伤明显，二者联合染毒在较低剂量时便致彗星细胞尾部DNA含量及尾矩形成大于甲醛和二甲苯单独染毒，随着染毒剂量的增高联合染毒毒性作用明显增高（P0.05）。结论 甲醛、二甲苯对小鼠骨髓细胞的微核率和彗星细胞尾部DNA含量以及尾矩均有一定的损伤作用，二者联合染毒可能存在协同毒性效应。 关键词：甲醛；二甲苯；骨髓细胞；微核试验；彗星试验 Study of Joint Toxic Effect of Formaldehyde and Xylene on Genetic Toxicity of Mouse Bone Marrow Cells Baixue, Yuan Fusheng*, Zhangting, Wang Junxia, Wanghong Abstract: [Objective] Explore?the?effect?of?joint?intraperitoneal?injection?of? formal- dehyde?and?xylene?on?the?genetic toxicity?of?mouse?bone?marrow?cells. [Methods] 78 healthy and clean Kunming mice are selected, with an equal number of males and females. The weight of each mouse is 18~22g. The mice randomly are divided into 13 groups according to the weight, with 6 mice in each group. It can be divided into as follows: the group with a low dose of formaldehyde (5mg/kg), that with a middle dose (10mg/kg), and that with a high dose (20mg/kg) as well as a negative control group with normal saline (0.01ml/g); the group with a low dose of xylene (50mg/kg), that with a middle dose (100mg/kg), and that with a high dose (150mg/kg) as well as a negative control group with peanut oil (0.01ml/g); the group with a low dose of joint exposure (2.5mg/kg formaldehyde +25mg/kg xylene), that with a middle dose (5mg/kg formaldehyde +50mg/kg xylene), and that with a high dose (10mg/kg formaldehyde +75mg/kg xylene) as well as a negative control group with normal saline (0.005ml/