横断山区高等真菌物种多样性研究进展.pdfVIP

第22 卷 第11 期 生命科学 Vol. 22, No. 11 20 10 年11 月 Chinese Bulletin of Life Sciences Nov., 20 10 文章编号：1004-0374(2010)11-1086-06 ·基金动态· 横断山区高等真菌物种多样性研究进展 杨祝良 ( 中国科学院昆明植物研究所生物多样性与生物地理学重点实验室，昆明650204) 摘　要：中国西南横断山地区地形复杂、山陡谷深、生境多样，是真菌栖息、繁衍和分化的理想地 区。国内外真菌学家们对该区的真菌早就给予过关注和研究，曾报道了该区真菌4 0 0 0 余种，约占我 国已知真菌总种数的4 0 % 。然而，总的说来，人们对该区真菌物种多样性的了解还知之甚少。近十 余年来，我们对该地区的真菌中的高等真菌部分进行了十余次野外考察和采集，共获得标本7 000 余份、 分子材料4 200 余份、真菌及其生境照片1 万余张，这是研究和认识该区真菌多样性不可或缺的第一手 科学资料。通过对该区有关标本的研究，正式发表了2 新属及50 余新种；但还有大量新物种和一些新 属有待进一步研究和描述。加强真菌多样性的研究，不仅具有重要的科学意义，同时为经济发展服务 也具有重要的现实意义。 关键词：高等真菌；分类学；系统学；物种多样性；横断山 中图分类号：Q949.320.9文献标识码：A In v en t or y o f h ig h er fu n g i in th e H en g du an M ou n t a in s o f sou th w e st ern Ch in a YANG Zhu-liang (Key Laboratory of Biodiversity and Biogeography, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650204, China) Abstract: The Hengduan Mountains region of southwestern China, a world’s hotspot of biodiversity, is very rich in fungal species. Although over 4 000 species of fungi were identified in this region, representing about 40% China’s known fungal taxa, the known number of species is merely a very small percentage of the total. We have made mycological expeditions in the region in the last ten years annually, and about 7000 collections were made. Having studied some fungal collections, 2 genera and over 50 species new to science were described in the last ten years. However, a large number of remaining new taxa are still undocumented. To promote the study of the fungal diversity there is of both scientific a