山东优异小麦品种成熟胚培养.docVIP

山东优异小麦品种（系）的成熟胚培养能力研究( 王振东1，孟鹏1，2 ，高洁2 ，李玉莲2，郭凤芝2，樊庆琦2，隋新霞2，楚秀生2， 黄承彦2 ，李根英2* （1，；2山东省农业科学院作物研究所，山东济250001） 摘要：成熟胚保存期长、材料丰富、且不受季节、植物发育时期等因素限制，具有取材方便、操作简单等优点，是进行小麦基因转化的理想受体。由于成熟肧是高度分化的器官，脱分化形成的愈伤组织再分化成苗非常困难。本研究选择CIM、W4、SD2和MSD2四种脱分化培养基，与MRM和1/2MS+5mg/L玉米素两种再生培养基形成8个培养基组合，利用模式品种扬麦158和Bobwhite对上述培养基的愈伤诱导和再生效率进行评价，筛选出最佳培养基组合为诱导培养基CIM与再生培养基1/2MS+5mg/L玉米素。利用这一培养基组合对包括对照品种Bobwhite在内40个山东小麦优异品种（系）的成熟胚培养能力进行了研究，结果显示：不同品种的成熟胚脱分化形成愈伤组织的能力差异不显著，最高诱导率100%，最低诱导率也超过了96%，但这些愈伤组织在发育过程中形成的愈伤状态差别很大，转移到再分化培养基上后，8个品系的再生率超过10%，分别是08H02、08H05、08B08、泰麦20-2、泰山5024、聊9514、菏麦9803、Bobwhite，占参试品种的20%，其中08H05的再生率（23.0%）超过了对照品种Bobwhite（21.3%）。有7个品种没有获得再生苗，占17.5%；再生率在1%到10%之间的品种25个，占62.5%。这一结果显示，与幼胚相比成熟胚愈伤组织诱导与再生体系需要更加深入的研究。 关键词：小麦；成熟胚；脱分化；再分化；培养基 Mature embryo culture capacity of Shandong elite common wheat Wang zhen-dong1，Meng Peng1，2 ，Gao Jie2 ，Guo Feng-zhi2，Li Yu-lian2，FanQing-qi2，Sui Xin-xia2，Chu Xiu-sheng2，Huang Cheng-yan2 ，Li Gen-ying2* （1 College of Biological Science and Technology, Shenyang Agricultural University，2. Crop Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jinan, Shandong 250100, China） Abstract: Mature embryos were ideal explants for genetic transformation, due to not limited by growing season. However, the mature embyos were the completely developed organism, compared with the immature embyos and young spikes, the low frequency of callus induction and the followed regeneration from mature embryos was the main obstacles in practice. In the present study, four medium ( CIM, W4, SD2 and MSD2) were used for callus induction from mature embyos of Yangmai 158 and Bobwhite, model varieties with high capacity in callus regeneration. Two medium (MRM, 1/2MS+5mg/L Zeatin) were used for the following callus regeneration. Both varieties had the highest regeneration frequency on callus induction medium CIM followed with the regeneration medium 1/2MS+5mg/L Zeatin. Tissue culture capacities of mature embryos from 40 Shandong elite varieties or advanced lines were evaluate