Runqaa新托福口语词汇.doc

秋风清，秋月明,落叶聚还散,寒鸦栖复惊。 一、理论知识　　1. 直译法　　honeymoon\mad cow disease\hot line\ talk show\gene therapy\chain reaction　　bull‘s eye　　bicycle people　　milky way　　靶心、骑自行车的人、银河　　2. 意译　　as timid as hare 胆小如兔　　day student 白天的学生　　in the dark 在黑暗中　　cash crops 现金庄稼　　胆小如鼠、走读生、一无所知、经济作物　　He had one foot in the grave.　　他已经有一只脚踏进坟墓了　　他已经是风烛残年了　　The medicinal herb helps a cough.　　这种草药帮助咳嗽　　这种草药可以治疗咳嗽　　理解、表达（直译结合意译）、校对　　二、词　　1. 根据词性确定词义　　The earth is not completely round.　　Let‘s go into the hall and have a look round.　　They are dancing in a round.　　He worked round the day.　　The boy‘s eyes rounded with excitement.　　圆的 形容词　　转一转 副词　　一圈 名词　　一整天 介词　　睁得圆圆的 动词　　2. 根据上下文确定词义　　The story of their sufferings moved us deeply.　　Work on the new building is moving quickly.　　The government‘s opinions on this matter haven’t moved.　　She moves in the highest circles of society.　　Unless the employers move quickly， there will be strike.　　打动　　进展　　改变　　生活　　采取措施　　3. 根据汉语表达习惯确定词义　　I think your suggestion will work.　　The new treatment works like magic.　　My watch doesn‘t work.　　The sea works high.　　She worked her way to the front.　　The new regulation is working well.　　行得通　　疗效　　走　　汹涌起伏　　挤到　　执行　　4. 通过抽象化加以引申　　They have their smiles and tears.　　微笑和眼泪　　We insist that international trade should not be a one-way street.　　单行道　　I have no head for mathematics.　　没有头脑　　欢乐与悲哀　　有来无往　　没有天赋　　5. 通过具体化加以引申　　The car in front of me stopped， and I missed the green.　　绿色 绿灯　　Perhaps the only trouble with copper is thaat it is not hard enough for some uses.　　麻烦 缺点　　6. 增加原文中省略的部分　　Reading makes a full man； conference a ready man； writing an exact man. A fool and his words are soon parted； a man of genius and his money.　　Without a sense of your fault， how can repentance an amendment be expected？　　Students should learn from teachers and vice versa.　　读书使人充实，讨论使人机智，写作使人准确　　愚人会很快忘记说过的话，智者会很快放弃手里的