凹凸棒石粘土吸附性能研究概况.docVIP

凹凸棒石粘土吸附性能研究概况 凹凸棒土改性凹凸棒土磷酸盐 铀 前景展望 Summary on the dsorption Performance of Attapulgite Clay Abstract：ummarized the basic characteristic of attapulgite (adsorption characteristic rheological properties plasticity, etc) and its application in many industies such as mining materials industry, chemical fertilizers, environmental protection, pesticides coatings.Besides, we sketched the adsorption rule of the attapulgite and modification of attapulgite for different substances. Key words：attapulgite modified attapulgite clay , phosphate , uranium , prospect forecast contents Introduction Fundamental characteristics 2.1 Composition and structure 2.2 Absorption characteristics 2.3 Plasticity 2.4 Chemical characteristics 3. Application and research status 3.1 The application of the building materials industry 3.2 The application of light industry 3.3 The application of textile industry 3.4 The application of washing agent 4. Modification of attapulgite research 4.1 Attapulgite pretreatment 4.2 Acid modified 4.3 Organic modified 4.4 Other modification methods 5 Attapulgite clay application in water treatment 5.1Treatment of organic wastewater 5.2 Treatment of wastewater containing heavy metals 5.3 Special media processing 6 Attapulgite clay adsorption 6.1 Attapulgite clay adsorbent in addition to phosphate 6.2 Attapulgite clay in addition to uranium research 7 Conclusion 引言 凹凸棒粘土是指以凹凸棒土为主要矿物成份的一种天然非金属粘土矿物在矿物学上隶属于海泡石族是一种晶质的水合镁铝硅酸盐矿物呈土状、致密块状产于沉积岩和风化壳中颜色为白色、灰白色、青灰色、灰绿色或弱丝绢光泽土质细腻有油脂滑感质轻、性脆吸水性强，湿时具粘性和可塑性。由于其具有特殊的物化工艺性能如胶体性、吸附性和粘结性等被广泛应用于各工农业领域凹凸棒石粘土具有较强的吸附脱色能力和良好的吸附容量在废水处理和废气处理中具有很大的应用潜力。在我国，凹凸棒石粘土具有资源丰富，价格低廉的特点，因此研究凹凸棒石粘土的性质，开发利用高附加值的凹凸棒石粘土很有必要。含磷废水的大量排放引起水体富营养化破坏了水体生态的平衡 使水质恶化严重危害到自然界的动、植物的生长和人类饮用水的水质，所以凹凸棒石粘土在水处理应用中的实用性得以发挥。由于凹凸棒粘土特殊的结构特征和吸附性能使其有可能应用于含放射性元素的废料、废水和废气的处理 可对放射性元素进行永久性吸附 2.1 组成及结构 凹凸棒土原土中含有70 %～80 %10 %～15 %1 %～5 %85 %～90 % 1940年Bradley[1]首先阐明了凹凸棒土的结构： 他认为凹凸棒土的典型化学式为Si8Mg5O20 (OH) 2(OH2 ) 4·4H2O据国外矿物分析凹凸棒土的化学成分质量分数为:SiO2 53. 61 % ，Al2O39.29% ，F