逆向物流简介中英文.docVIP

Introduction to Reverse Logistics 逆向物流简介 Today green image has been increasingly recognized as an important component of marketing , also take appropriate recovery methods (such as re- use or re-manufacturing ) often will bring new opportunities to profit . Loss With the rapid development of electronic commerce and online retailers and mail companys rise , the company is widely adopted due to the free returns policy has brought a lot of returns and commitment is also growing . 1999 survey by the American Reverse Logistics Committee that the United States invested enterprises reverse logistics cost more than 37 billion U.S. dollars ( for the collection, transportation and processing of recyclables ) , which is equivalent to 4% of the total U.S. logistics costs , 0.5% GDP s . Returns as a part of the reverse logistics , accounting for 6% of sales on average . Studies have shown that consumers will reduce the returns of 4.3% in retail profits, reduce the profit margin of 3.8% of production . So , General Motors , Sears , Johnson Johnson , IBM, 3M and many other well-known companies have introduced reverse logistics information management system ; Xerox, Canon introduced recycling in the past decade copier remanufacturing , recycling Kodak disposable camera treatment . Therefore, the pressure and drive economic benefits from environmental laws and regulations , making a reverse of the traditional supply chain and logistics management, reverse logistics has become an important issue that business managers and academic researchers in the field of concern . At present, the theory of reverse logistics concepts expressed there are many, more professional and accurate overview of its features are defined : the traditional reverse supply chain for value recovery or disposal reasonable and raw materials, intermediate inventory, final products and related information from of consumption to plan effectively carried out the actual flow starting point , management and control proc