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ETF final guide American Film History Silent Era (1910s): Earliest movies had no talking (silent films) They were sometimes accompanied by live music or a record. Sound came in the late 1920’s. Stories could be more complicated. Stories were more challenging to make. The “Golden Age of Hollywood” (1927-1948) Big film studios became very successful. MGM (Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer) Most glamorous studio. Had the most talented people working for them. Said they had “more stars than there are in the heavens”. Some of their stars: Cary Grant Elizabeth Taylor Judy Garland Warner Bros. (Warner Brothers) Started by 4 brothers in 1903. Had their “big break” when they release the first talkie. The Jazz Singer (1927) Released movies about the social and cultural issues in America Fox (20th Century Fox) William Fox was from Hungary. Started producing films in 1912. Fox Studios was known for making: Westerns Musicals Color in Film Making films in color used to take a lot of work and time One type of color technology was Technicolor, created by the Technicolor Corporation. Technicolor’s colors did not look natural, but rather more colorful than real life. The Wizard of Oz (1939) Shows the use of both black white and Technicolor. Kansas: black white Oz: Technicolor Black and white It’s not just black and white. There are many different shades. In The Wizard of Oz, it appears more brown (sepia). It’s the color of glamour in film. 1930’s-1940’s: Color was used to make things pretty and happy, so black and white was used a lot in dramas. Can be used to make a political statement. maybe about racial issues Can be used today to remind us of older films. The Good German (2006) Sometimes the past is shown in black white and the present in color. The Phantom of the Opera (2004) Originally a Broadway stage musical. The characters are looking back to the past, when they felt alive. Past in color Present in black and white Film Noir（具有悲观色彩的影片） “F