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c++大学教程第七章PPT.pdf
77
Arrays and VectorsArrays and Vectors
东南大学软件学院
1
OBJECTIVESOBJECTIVES
In this chapter you’ll learn:
• To use the array data structure to represent a set of related
datadata itemsitems.
• To declare arrays, initialize arrays and refer to the
individual elements of arrays.
• To use arrays to store存储, sort排序and search查找lists
and tables of values.
• Basic searching and sorting techniques.
• To pass arrays to functions.数组作为参数进行函数调用
• To declare and manipulate multidimensional arrays.多维数
组
• To use C++ Standard Library class template vector.
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1
7.17.1 IntroductionIntroduction
• Arrays
– DataData structuresstructures containingcontaining relatedrelated datadata itemsitems ofof
same type
– Always remain the same size once created
• Are “static” entities
– Character arrays can also represent strings
– CC‐sttylle poiintter‐bbasedd arrays vs. vecttors ((objbjectt‐
based)
• Vectors are safer and more versatile
3
7.37.3 DeclaringDeclaring ArraysArrays
• Declaring an array 数组声明
– ArraysArrays occupyoccupy spacespace inin memorymemory
– Programmer specifies type and number of elements
• int c[ 12 ];//c is an array of 12ints
– Array’s size must be an integer constant greater
than zero
– ArraysArrays cancan bebe declareddeclared toto containcontain valuesvalues ofof anyany
non‐reference data type
– Multiple arrays of the same type can be declared in
a single declaration
• int c[ 12 ]
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