15-day-On-Board Diagnostics II (OBD II) and Emission War.ppt

On-Board Diagnostics II (OBD II) and Emission Warranty Regulatory Update California Air Resources Board Mobile Source Control Division Today’s Presentation Background Gasoline OBD Diesel OBD Other Items Background OBD II originally adopted 1989 1996 and newer vehicles Monitors virtually every emission-related component Threshold Functional Illuminates warning light and stores fault info for repair technicians Program updates occur regularly Last revisions adopted April 2002 Reasons for Changes Keep pace with technology I/M and technician feedback and experience Certification staff experience Review previous round of adopted requirements Where we are today 120+ million OBD II equipped cars in the U.S. More than 50% of the in-use fleet Over 6 trillion miles accumulated in-use 25 states in the U.S. using OBD II for I/M, including CA Nearly 13,000 OBD II inspections a day just in CA Today’s Presentation Background Gasoline OBD Diesel OBD Other Items Gasoline OBD II Overview Requirements very mature Systems largely performing as designed Minimal changes proposed Updates focus primarily on issues identified in-use Rear Oxygen Sensor Monitoring Problem: Not detecting some deteriorated catalysts Cause: Inadequate rear O2 sensor performance Fix: Improved monitoring of rear O2 sensor Proposal: 2009-2011 phase-in Cylinder A/F Imbalance Problem: Previously unconsidered failure mode with high emissions Cause: Cylinder to cylinder differences in air/fuel ratio E.g., fuel injector variation Improperly corrected by fuel control Fix: New monitor to specifically detect this fault using existing sensors Proposal: 2011-2014 phase-in Cold Start Emissions Most emissions occur at cold start Before catalyst is warmed-up “Cold start” strategies accelerate catalyst warm-up Monitoring currently required for failures that cause emissions to increase above a threshold Cold Start Strategy Monitoring Problem: Some only monitor entire strategy—requiring multiple components to fail before a f