美国2011到2015年储能规划原版.pdf

1 Images—Front cover: 20MW Beacon Power flywheel storage facility; Ameren’s 440MW pumped-hydro storage at Taum Sauk, Missouri. Back cover: 8MW SCE / A123 Lithium-ion storage at Tehachapi wind farm; 25MW Primus Power flow battery at Modesto, California; 110MW compressed air energy storage in McIntosh, Alabama. TABLE OF CONTENTS Executive Summary1 1.0 Introduction to the OE Storage Program5 1.1. The Grid Energy Storage Value Proposition 5 1.2. Grid Energy Storage at DOE 8 1.3. DOE’s Partnership Strategies12 2.0 Challenges and Needs14 3.0 Analysis, Research Development and Demonstration Program16 3.1. Current State of Electric Storage17 3.2. The Research Development Component of the Program19 3.3. The Demonstration Component of the Program 22 3.4. The Analysis Component of the Program28 4.0 Portfolio Development and Management31 Acronyms Abbreviations32 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Energy storage systems have the potential to extend and optimize the operating capabilities of the grid, since power can be stored and used at a later time. This allows for flexibility in generation and distribution, improving the economic efficiency and utilization of the entire system while making the grid more reliable and robust. Additionally, alternatives to traditional power generation, including variable wind and solar energy technologies, may require back-up power storage. Thus, modernizing the power grid may require a substantial volume of electrical energy storage (EES). The Office of Electricity Delivery Energy Reliability (OE) is taking leadership on energy storage to ensure that the technologies live up to their potential, and will assist in bringing these solutions into the commercial market. OE’s vision of the Program is based on four principles: Understanding where to put energy storage on the system for the best value Develop