博森GMAT名师之“GMAT解毒十日谈”之二：主动优先被动？【荐】.pdfVIP

“GMAT 解毒十日谈”之二：主动优先被动？ 余对方舟子先生之义举一向敬仰之，惜乎科学素养低下，无法助其一臂之力，唯有在自己熟 悉的GMAT 领域举起义旗，意在荡涤江湖上所有妖道，不论是否出自某机构，所谓之“偏好”、 规律，希望能高扬科学判断，理性分析，辩证思维之大旗，提高广大考生的逻辑思辨能力。 本期为第二讲，主题是，主动语态优先被动语态？ 应该说，这个提法不是完全地错误，只是在执行过程中，很容易被学生错误操作成，一见到 被动语态的选项就杀。因为学生并不懂得执行这个规律的前提。 先看一道符合该规律的题目： PREP 232 题: Although the restaurant company has recently added many new restaurants across the country and its sales have increased dramatically, its sales at restaurants open for more than a year have declined. A. the restaurant company has recently added many new restaurants across the country and its sales have increased dramatically, its B. the restaurant company has recently added many new restaurants across the country and its sales increased dramatically, its C. many new restaurants have recently been opened across the country and its sales increased dramatically, the restaurant companys D. having recently added many new restaurants across the country and with its sales increasing dramatically, the restaurant companys E. recently adding many new restaurants across the country and having its sales increase dramatically, the restaurant companys 本题的正确选项是A ，注意C 是一个被动语态的选项。但是排除C 的原因，并非因为它写 成了被动语态，而是C 中的这个it，由于主语被改成了restaurants，导致无法指代。这才 是真正的原因。也就是说，写成被动语态本身并不是什么致命的错误，真正导致出错的，实 际上很可能是由于句子写成了被动语态带来的句子主语的变化，导致其和前后部分产生了不 一致关系。明白这个真正的内因，才能深刻理解英语句子调换了语序，对修饰关系带来的影 响。 再看两道和所谓“规律”矛盾的题目。 Imported into Massachusetts form Europe in 1869, the gypsy moth was used by a French scientist in an attempt at developing a strong strain of silk-producing insects, crossing gypsy moths with adult silkworms. A. Imported into Massachusetts from Europe in 1869, the gypsy moth was used by a French scientist in an attempt at developing a strong strain of silk-producing insects, crossing gypsy moths with adult silkworms. B. Imported into Massachusetts form Europe in 1869, a French scientist was attempting to develop a strong strain of silk-producing insects by crossing gypsy moths with adult silk