四级听力和阅读理解.pptVIP

四级听力与读理解 李学宁 提纲 教学 研究 ···· 本文 测试 一、教学中的困惑 1、教材与四级的关联 2、试题的选择与讲评 1）选择：全真与模拟 2）讲评：？ 难以说服 M: Can you tell me the title of oil painting? W: Sorry, I don’t know for sure. But I guess it’s an early 18th-century work. Let me look it up in the catalog. Q: Where does their conversation most probably take place? A) At a bookstore B) In a workshop C) At an art gallery D) In a department 不知所措 Heroes are catalysts for changes. They have a vision from the mountaintop. They have the skill and the charm to move the masses. They create new possibilities. Without Gandhi, India might still be part of the British Empire. Without Rosa Parks and Martin Luther King, Jr., we might still have segregated buses, restaurants, and parks. It may be possible for large scale change to occur without magnetic personalities, but the pace of change would be slow, the vision uncertain, and the committee meeting endless. Q: Gandhi and Martin Luther King are typical examples of outstanding leaders who _ . A) are good at demonstrating their charming characters. B) can move the masses with their forceful speeches. C) are capable of meeting all challenges and hardships. D) can provide an answer to the problems of their people 二、研究路线 1、应试技巧 2、语言学：关联理论 语用学：合作原则 Top－Down Schemata 认知语言学 ··· 3、本文：结构主义语义学/逻辑语义学 （听力、阅读） W （语法、写作） 三、蕴涵式P→Q 1、P，Q，→，┐, ∧ 2、同义关系： P→Q； Q→P 反义关系： P→ ┐ Q； ┐ Q→P 上下义关系：P→Q； Q→P（？） 3、原命题： P→Q 反命题： Q→P 否命题： ┐ P→ ┐ Q 逆否命题： ┐ Q→ ┐ P 四、上下义关系 book (store) art (gallery) painting Q1 (=skill) P1 (=forceful speeches) Q2 (=charm) P2 (=charming characters)