秦汉时期巫医术的方术化改造.pdfVIP

．论著． 秦汉时期巫医术的方术化改造 刘阳柳长华 【摘要】巫术是指幻想依靠“超自然力”对客体加强影响或控制的活动。上古巫术应用范围很 广，其中用于医疗者，称为“巫医术”，大致包括祝由、厌劾、禁忌数种。秦汉时期，巫医术被阴阳五行 理论改造成为医方术的一部分。其中，巫术鬼神系统被方士鬼神系统取代；祝由术、禁忌法被渗入术 数思维；厌劾术基本被符篆术取代。巫医术改造不彻的残留，亦为秦汉方技家所兼收并用。 【关键词】巫医术；祝由；方术；符篆 The transformationofmedicalwitchcraftinthe LIU professionalized Qin—HartDynastiesy0增。 LIU andMedi— HistoryofMedicine Changhua(Correspondingauthor)．$PhD．candidate，Institutefor cal ChineseMedical Literature，China Academyof Sciences，Be舛ng，100700，China referstotheactivitiesof and toaffectorcontrolthe 【Abstract】Bywitchcraft，it imaginingintending witchcraftwas inwhichthose for objectthrough“supernaturalpower”．Ancient appliedextensively applied medical included artof purpose anti—disaster，andtabooing，werecollectively sorcery，praying，superstitious the of called“medical the wastransformed Yin- witchcraft”．DuringQin—Hanperiods，witchcraft by theory andFive—Phasesasa oftechnical them，the of witchcraft Yang part profession．Amongsystemdemon—ghost was thenecromantic andtaboo wereinfiltratedwiththe replacedby ghost system system；exorcism concep— tion theartof of of mathematicsandtechnical the art anti—disasterwasre— system；whereassuperstitious incantation．Theof not remnantsmedicalwitchcraft transform