Multinational Financial Management（跨国公司财务管理）ch04 International Finance and Currency Parity Conditions.ppt

CHAPTER 4 International Finance and Currency: Parity Conditions PART I. ARBITRAGE AND THE LAW OF ONE PRICE I. THE LAW OF ONE PRICE A. Law states: Identical goods sell for the same price worldwide. ARBITRAGE AND THE LAW OF ONE PRICE B. Theoretical basis: If the prices after exchange-rate adjustment were not equal, arbitrage in the goods worldwide ensures eventually it will. ARBITRAGE AND THE LAW OF ONE PRICE C. Five Parity Conditions Result From These Arbitrage Activities 1. Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) 2. The Fisher Effect (FE) 3. The International Fisher Effect (IFE) 4. Interest Rate Parity (IRP) 5. Unbiased Forward Rate (UFR) ARBITRAGE AND THE LAW OF ONE PRICE D. Five Parity Conditions Linked by 1. The adjustment of various rates and prices to inflation. 2. The notion that money should have no effect on real variables (since they have been adjusted for price changes). ARBITRAGE AND THE LAW OF ONE PRICE E. Inflation and home currency depreciation: 1. jointly determined by the growth of domestic money supply; 2. Relative to the growth of domestic money demand. ARBITRAGE AND THE LAW OF ONE PRICE F. THE LAW OF ONE PRICE - enforced by international arbitrage. PART II. PURCHASING POWER PARITY I. THE THEORY OF PURCHASING POWER PARITY: states that spot exchange rates between currencies will change to the differential in inflation rates between countries. PURCHASING POWER PARITY II. ABSOLUTE PURCHASING POWER PARITY A. Price levels adjusted for exchange rates should be equal between countries PURCHASING POWER PARITY II. ABSOLUTE PURCHASING POWER PARITY B. One unit of currency has same purchasing power globally. PURCHASING POWER PARITY III. RELATIVE PURCHASING POWER PARITY A. states that the exchange rate of one currency against another will adjust to reflect changes in the price levels of the two countries. PURCHASING POWER PARITY 1.