chapter_5_Polysemy_and_Homonymy.ppt

Session 6 Chapter V Polysemy and Homonymy Review chapter 4 I. Motivation of meaning Onomatopoeic Motivation Ducks quack. Morphological motivation Hopeful Semantic Motivation Tabula(木板) table Etymological motivation Argus-eyed professor Argus 百眼巨人 目光敏锐的 II. Components of meaning grammatical meaning vs. lexical meaning forget: forgets; forgot conceptual meaning vs. associative meaning home small, little begin, commence pretty, handsome associative meaning connotative meaning dragon, mother stylistic meaning brotherly, fraternal affective meaning famous, notorious collocative meaning The torch flashes. The stars twinkle. The sun shines. Ex.9 P.133 Lead-in A man who was involved in a serious motorcycle accident was unable to speak when he first regained consciousness. Whishing to know how long he had been unconscious, he took a piece of paper and a pencil from the bedside and, after writing “date?” on it, gave it to his nurse. She handed it back to him after she had written the word “Married” on it. Teaching focus I. Polysemy II. Homonymy III. How to distinguish the two forms? IV. Context V. Ambiguity and vagueness I. Polysemy一词多义 1.1 polysemy two processes of development 1.2 sense relations of polysemy 1.2.1 original meaning vs. extended meaning 1.2.2 universal meaning vs. particular meaning 1.2.3 abstract meaning vs. concrete meaning 1.2.4 literal meaning vs. figurative meaning 1.1 Polysemy means that one single word has two or more senses at the same time. Eg. government: 治理国家； 政府 blanket: 羊毛毯；给……盖羊毛毯 “get”: 150 meanings “cut”: 120 meanings Two processes of development a) Radiation辐射型： It is the semantic process in which the primary meaning stands at the centre and the secondary meaning radiates out of it. Though all the secondary meanings are independent of one another, they can all be traced back to the primary meaning. b) Concatenation连锁型: It is the semantic process in which the meaning of a word moves gradually away from its primary meaning i