名词性从习题.docVIP

名词性从句 【知识要点】 在句中起名词作用的从句叫名词性从句，它包括主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 引导名词性从句的连接词连接词 词义 功能 that 无词义 不作成分，只起连接作用 whether/if 是否 不作成分，起连接作用 what,which 什么，哪个 作主语、宾语、表语 who,whom,whose 谁，谁的 作主语、宾语、定语 when,where,how,why 什么时候/地方，怎么样，为什么 作状语 how many/much 多少 作定语 how soon/often/long/much 多久，多久一次，多长，多么 作状语 ... ... 词义及功能同疑问词 whatever=anything that 无论什么 作主语、宾语、表语、定语 whosever=anyone whose 无论谁的 作主语、宾语、定语、表语 whichever=anything that 无论哪个 作宾语、定语、主语、表语 whoever=anyone who 无论谁 作主语 whomever=anyone whom 无论谁 作宾语 主语从句主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句，通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替，而本身放在句子末尾。引导主语从句的连接词主要有三类：连接词that，whether；连接代词what，who，which, whose，whatever，whichever，whoever, whomever等；连接副词when，where，why，how等。 1.it 作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 it 作形式主语代替主语从句，主要是为了平衡句子结构，主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调，无论强调的是什么成分，都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。如： It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film.你没去看那场电影真是遗憾。 It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.你成功与否对我没有什么吸引力。 2.用it 作形式主语的结构 1)It is ＋名词＋从句 It is a fact that ...事实是…… It is an honor that...非常荣幸 It is common knowledge that...……是常识 2)it is ＋形容词＋从句 It is natural that...很自然…… It is strange that...奇怪的是…… 3)it is ＋不及物动词＋从句 It seems that...似乎…… It happened that...碰巧…… 4)it ＋过去分词＋从句 It is reported that...据报道……  It has been proved that...已证实…… 3.主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况 1)if 引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 2)It is said ，(reported)...结构中的主语从句不可提前。如： It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week.(right)据说江主席下周要来我校视察。 That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said.(wrong) 3) It happens...，It occurs... 结构中的主语从句不可提前。如： It occurred to him that he failed in the examination.(right)他考试没及格。 That he failed in the examination occurred to him.(wrong) 4)It doesn’t matter how/whether ...结构中的主语从句不可提前。如： It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not.(right)他是不是错了，这一点不重要。 Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter.(wrong) 5)含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时，主语从句不可提前。如： Is it likely that it will rain in the evening? (right) Is t