基于动态调度和爬山算法的集装箱堆场场桥调度研究.docVIP

基于动态调度和爬山算法的 集装箱堆场场桥调度研究 何军良 宓为建 严伟 (上海海事大学 物流工程学院，上海 200135) 摘 要：集装箱码头衔接着水运和陆运，在整个集装箱运输中发挥着极其重要的作用。特别是在集装箱堆场管理中，由于其承担着集装箱码头较多的业务，因此对整个集装箱码头的运作效率有着较大的影响。然而就目前已经对集装箱堆场所做的研究来看，存在着一个主要问题，即获得一种有效的并且支持动态调度的场桥调度策略。基于这些理解，在以提供一种新颖的场桥调度策略为目标的情况下，构建了一种基于整数规划的场桥动态调度模型。针对场桥动态调配问题属于NP难问题，采用了一种启发式算法：爬山算法，来求解该问题。最后，以某集装箱码头堆场为案例，通过仿真的方式说明了该系统，结果表明了该模型和算法的有效性和实用性。 关键字：集装箱码头；场桥调度；动态调度； 整数规划；启发式算法； 爬山算法 An Investigation into Yard Crane Scheduling Based on Dynamic Deployment and Hill-climbing Algorithm HE Junliang，MI Weijian， YAN Wei (School of Logistics Engineering , Shanghai Maritime University, Shanghai 200135, China) Abstract: Container terminals secure a crucial position in container transportation, including shipping and land transportation. In particular, container yard management, which involves diverse operational services, significantly affects the operational efficiency of the entire container terminal. However, there is a major omission in existing work, viz., it is imperative to attain an effective workload scheduling to support the dynamic deployment of yard cranes. Based on these understandings, the proposed system aims at postulating a novel strategy in terms of yard crane scheduling. In this manner, a dynamic allocation model is initially developed based on the integer programming for yard cranes. To resolve the NP-hard problem regarding the yard crane deployment, a heuristic algorithm, especially the hill-climbing algorithm, is then employed. Finally, a case study on a certain container terminal yard has been used for system illustration via a simulation approach, and then verifies the validity and usefulness of the model and algorithm. Key words: Container yard; Yard crane scheduling; Dynamic deployment; Integer programming; Heuristic algorithm; Hill-climbing algorithm 1 绪论 集装箱码头衔接着水运和陆运，在整个集装箱运输中发挥着极其重要的作用。由于各港口之 间的竞争加剧，各个港口不得不面对提高自己的服务质量、降低服务成本，增加吞吐量的压力。这将通过提高岸桥作业效率、场桥作业效率，合理分配堆存空间和泊位，有效降低码头交通阻塞率等方式来实现。[1] 由于集装箱码头的生产率跟集装箱装卸设备密切相关，岸桥和场桥的作业效率对其起着极其重要的作用。[2,3