汽车平顺性评价方法的研究论文.doc

汽车平顺性评价方法的研究 Research of Vehicle Ride Comfort Evaluation Method 摘 要 本文主要从理论上对当前国内外汽车行驶平顺性的评价方法及其指标进行分析。现有的汽车平顺性评价方法，主要有ISO2631标准、吸收功率法以及我国在前两种方法的基础上提出的国家标准GB4970。由于各种方法及其指标的着重点和出发点不同，因此存在一定的区别或差异。ISO2631中的两种评价方法侧重于客观（物理）评价，而吸收功率法则侧重于主观的（感觉）评价。 但是，归根结底，都是对汽车振动情况的分析，故各种评价方法之间仍然存在一定的联系。目前各种平顺性评价方法及其指标都存在一些缺陷和不足。1/3倍频带法的优点在于，灵敏度高，并且对不同方向以及某个方向上加速度均方根值的突出峰值位置比较清楚，有利于汽车结构的改进。其缺陷在于没有同时考虑不同频率加速度均方根值的影响及不同方向振动的影响。总的加权加速度值评价法的优点在于，能够比较全面地评价振动激励的强度。其缺陷在于，会导致在某窄带中加速度均方根值远远超过了允许值，但是其他频率带中加速度均方根值较小，由于补偿作用，使得总的加权值不大。吸收功率法的优点在于将人体承受的垂直，横向振动和坐着的人体脚部的振动相加，用一个数据评价，比较全面。其缺点在于，这种评价方法反应“迟钝”。 本文在此基础上提出的新的评价方法，考虑了汽车行驶平顺性的影响因素（道路、车速），提出了符合实际工况的汽车行驶平顺性综合评价指标，并对汽车的平顺性试验提出了一些建议。 关键词：汽车 平顺性 评价方法Abstract This paper analyzes the current domestic and international vehicle ride comfort evaluation methods. and indicators. There are several vehicle ride comfort evaluation methods, for example ISO2631 standards, absorption power method and national standards of GB4980 which is based on the former two methods. Because of their focus and different Starting points of the indicators as a result of a variety of methods, there is a certain distinction or difference. Two evaluation methods of ISO2631 focus on the objective (physical) to evaluate, and absorb the power of the law focused on the subjective (sensory) evaluation. However, the former two methods both are the situation of the automotive vibration analysis, a variety of evaluation methods still have some linkages between each other. This paper analyzes the shortcomings of the current vehicle ride comfort evaluation methods and indicators. The advantage of 1/3 octave band method is high sensitivity, and the prominent peak of the acceleration root-mean-square values in different directions, as well as one direction more clearly, which will help to improve the car structure. Its defects are not taken into consideration the effects of different frequency root-mean-square values of acceleration and the effects of vibration in different directions.