车辆悬架模型的设计与实现.doc

车辆悬架模型的设计与实现 摘要: 本论文主要设计一个1/4车辆悬架模型(机械装置)，体积小巧，拆装方便，结构简单，以便于采集信号，更好地作半主动悬架试验。乘坐舒适性和行驶平顺性是现代轿车的两项基本性能特点，振动是影响乘坐舒适性的主要因素。悬架是汽车中实现操作稳定性和行驶平稳性的基本机械结构，主要由弹簧和减振器组成，其功能是缓和路面不平引起的冲击和振动以改善平顺性。 1/4车辆悬架模型的机械装置集激励、振动于一体，用位移传感器和加速度传感器采集信号，通过计算机处理，由磁流变减振器执行控制阻尼。进行了各个轴、板力的较核，以及弹簧的设计，选取了位移传感器、加速度传感器和磁流变减振器的型号。最后画了立体图，装配图和主要零件图。 关键词：半主动悬架;1/4车辆模型;磁流变减振器 Abstract This thesis mainly designs one 1/4 vehicle suspension model(mechanism), which the bulk is delicate, the dismantling and installing is easy, the configuration is simple, so that it can collect signal more easily and do the semiactive suspension experiment better. There are two basic characters ( comforts and smooth), the libration is the main cause of effecting to the comforts. The suspension is the basic mechanism to realize the operation stability and steer placidity, which mainly consist of spring and damper. The function is to improve the smooth through reducing the concussion and libration caused by gravamen of the road surface. 1/4 vehicle suspension model is the mechanism which is prompting and libration rolled into one. It uses displacement sensor and acceleration sensor to collect signals, then, ECU deals with them, the Magnetorheological damper control damp. Furthermore, check the axis and board, design the spring, elect the item of displacement sensor, acceleration sensor and Magnetorheological fluid damper. At last, there are solid drawings, assembling drawing and the main parts drawing. key words: semiactive suspension, 1/4 vehicle model, Magnetorheological damper. 目 录 前言……………………………………………………………………………………………1 1.悬架的概述…………………………………………………………………………2 1.1悬架的构造……………………………………………………………………………2 1.2悬架的分类……………………………………………………………………………5 1.2.1全主动悬架……………………………………………………………………5 1.2.2半主动悬架……………………………………………………………………5 1.3半主动悬架系统的研究进展…………………………………………………………6 1.3.1新型的半主动悬架系统………………………………………………………6 1.3.2有级可调减振器………………………………………………………………6 1.3.3无级可调减振器………………………………………………………………7 1.3.4减振器驱动方式………………………………………………………………8 1.3.5半主动悬架控制策略…