2007年本科英语美国文学史复习资料.docVIP

??殖民主义时期的文学3、清教徒的想法：Puritans want to make up pure their religious beliefs and practices.净化信仰和行为方式wish to restore simplicity to church services and the authority of the Bible to theology.重建教堂，提供简单服务，建立神圣地位look upon themselves as a chosen people, and it follow logically that anyone who challenged their way of life is opposing God’s will and is not to be accepted.认为自己是上帝选民，对他们的生活有异议就是反对上帝。Puritan opposition to pleasure and the arts sometimes has been exaggerated.反对对快乐和艺术的追求到了十分荒唐的地步。religious teaching tended to emphasize the image of a wrathful God.强调上帝严厉的一面，忽视上帝仁慈的一面。1、Could you give a description of American Puritans? 关于美国清教徒的描绘Like their brothers back in England, were idealists, believing that the Church should be restored to the “purity” of the first-century Church as established by Jesus Christ Himself. To them religion was a matter of primary importance. They made it their chief business to see that man lived and thought and acted in a way which tended to the glory of God. They accepted the doctrine of predestination, original sin and total depravity, and limited atonement through a special infusion of grace from God, all that John Calvin, the great French theologian who lived in Geneva had preached. It was this kind of religious belief that they brought with them into the wildness. There they meant to prove that were God’s chosen people enjoying his blessings on this earth as in heaven.2、Hard work, thrift, piety and sobriety were the Puritan values that dominated much of the earliest American writing.3、The work of two writers, Anne Bradstreet and Edward Taylor, rose to the level of real poetry.4、The earliest settlers included Dutch, Swedes, Germans, French, Spaniards Italian, and Portuguese.?理性和革命时期文学Representatives：??Benjamin Franklin: Autobiography Prose \ essay? ?? ?Thomas Paine: Common Sense Thomas Jefferson:??Declaration of IndependencePhilip Freneau:??poet \ journalist 启蒙运动对美国的影响? ?oppose coliral order and religious obscurantism.?Secular educatio