不定代词和情态动词.docVIP

常用不定代词比较： 1．some和any some一般用于肯定句中，any一般用于否定句、疑问句和条件从句中。作定语时，它们所修饰的名词可以是可数名词，也可以是不可数名词；可数名词可以是单数或复数，复数表示某些，单数表示某个。例如：I have some science books. I haven’t any money. 在表示请求和邀请时，some也可以用在疑问句中。例如： Can I have some milk？（请示） Would you like some cakes？（邀请） 2．one (1)one(一个)，可以指人，也可以指物。 在句中可做主语、宾语和定语。它的反身代词是oneself，物主代词是ones。例如： One should always be strict with oneself. One of my friends wants to see you.(2)one, ones可用来代替前面出现过的可数名词，以避免重复。例如： There are three pens, which one is yours, this one or that one or the one in the pencil-box?He doesn’t like red shirts. He likes white ones. 3. other, another, others和the others (1)other（两个中的）另一个，另一些，其他的。在句中作主语、宾语、定语。相当于名词时，有复数形式others．还有所有格形式others和others．other之前常用定冠词the． I have two cats;one is black and the other is white. There are only two books left. But I don抰 like this one. Will you please show me the other?Some are listening to the radio, others are watching TV.There are thirty students in our class. Twenty are girls. The other students are boys.(2)another 意思是与某一个不同的另一个，又一个。是由不定冠词an和other合并构成，因此，它只能代替或修饰可数的单数名词，前面不再用冠词。例如： This book is too difficult for me. Will you please give me another one?I don’t like this one. Show me another.He got three books; One is dictionary, another is a play, the third is a grammar.(3) others 和some对比使用时, 是“有些”的意思而不是做“其他”讲, Some cleaned the windows, others mopped the floor. (4) the others 是“其余的”意思, 表示在一个范围内的其他全部, 如: This dictionary is better than the others. 4．many和much many用来修饰或代替可数名词。much用来修饰或代替不可数名词。它们都可以作主语、宾语、定语，有时可作状语或作表语。例如： Many people are over there now.（定语）Many expressed themselves at the meeting.（主语）There is much to talk about.（主语）Much time has been washed that way.（定语）We are many; you are few. (表语) She has much (work) to do. （宾语） many，much主要用于疑问句和否定语中，肯定句中多用a lot (of)之类短语。但常可用在肯定句的句首。例如：Many English people like boating．many和much很接近形容词，可以有比较级和最高级。 5. every和each (1)every每个，每一的，一切的。有”全体”的意思，和all（全体，一切）的意义相近，只能作定语。 Every student is here.== All the students are here.If I wor