代词(最全,必威体育精装版).pptVIP

代词 一.定义：代词是代替名词或者名词所有格的词。 二.范围。按其意义、特征及其在句中的作用分为：人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、指示代词、相互代词、不定代词、疑问代词、关系代词、连接代词 一. 人称代词人称代词的人称、数和格，如下表所示。  一、 1.人称代词有主格和宾格之分。通常主格作主语，宾格作宾语。如：I like table tennis. （作主语） Do you know him?（作宾语） 2.人称代词还可作表语。作表语时用宾格。 ---Whos is knocking at the door? ---It’s me. 3.人称代词在than之后与其他人或事物进行比较时，用主格和宾格都可以。 He is older than me. He is older than I am. 二、It的用法 （1）it作无人称代词时，指代内容是表示天气、时间、距离、度量衡及情况等。 It is fine (rainy, windy, etc.). It is noon. It is a half hour’s walk to the factory. It is eighteen square metres in area. （2）代替不知道性别的婴儿。The baby cried because it was hungry. （it代替前面的baby） （3）、不知道具体是谁的情况下 ---- Someone is knocking at the door,Peter. ---- Who is it? ---- It’s me. ---- Who are singing? ---- It is the children. （4）、It /one/that的区别 it代替前面（或后面）所表示的事物。是特指 one指代可数名词单数 但that指同一类，并非同一个。指代可数名词和不可数名词都可以。 You cannot eat your cake but have it.（it代替前面的cake） ---- Is this knife yours? ---- No. It is Xiao Zhang’s. Mine is the one on the desk. The climate of South China is much better than that of Japan.（that指the climate） （5）作强调词，构成强调结构 用以帮助改变句子结构，使句子的某一成分受到强调”。 1)、陈述句的强调句型：It is/ was + 被强调部分（通常是主语、宾语或状语）+ that/ who（当强调主语且主语指人）+ 其它部分。针对I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。强调主语：It was I that (who) met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday. 强调宾语：It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.强调地点状语：It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday.强调时间状语：It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station. 强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that, who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用It was … ，其余的时态用It is … 。 2)、一般疑问句的强调句型：同上，只是把is/ was提到it前面。 Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?3)、特殊疑问句的强调句型：被强调部分（通常是疑问代词或疑问副词）+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分？When and where was it that you were born? （6）引导词it作形式主语（宾语） 为了使句子平衡，常采用形式主语（或宾语）it ，而把真正的主语（或宾语）置于句子后面。 It takes half an hour to go there on foot. We thought it strange