代词知识清单.docVIP

代词知识清单 一.代词的分类 代词是用来代替名词（或名词性结构）的词。 九类：人称代词，物主代词，反身代词，相互代词，指示代词，不定代词，疑问代词，连接代词和关系代词。 （人物反相指，不疑连关词） 二.代词详解 人称代词 人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 数 格 单 复 单 复 单 复 主格 I we you he she it they 宾格 me us him her them 人称 第一人称 第二人称 第三人称 数 单 复 单 复 单 复 形容词性 my our your his her its their 名词性 mine ours yours hers theirs 一、定义 谁 二、定格 谁的 谁自己 口诀：主格放在动词前，宾格放在动介后， 形物代见到名词往前站，形物代放在名词前， 若有名词在，不用名物代， 名物代一般不用在句首，除非前文有铺垫。 用法： 主格宾格区别：主格放在动词前，宾格放在动介后， ① 作主语(用主格） 如: We eat to live; we don’t live to eat. ② 作宾语（用宾格） 如: They gave him some books. 注意： 人称代词作主语，其后不带谓语动词时，在口语中常用宾格。 如: —Does anyone know him? —Me. 形物代，名物代区别：后有名，只用形物代。 ①形容词性的物主代词:只用作定语 如: I haven’t got your name. ② 名词性物主代词: 可用作主，宾，表语。 如: Hers is a new bike. I don’t like hers. Victory will be ours. 反身代词 常跟反身代词的词： 1．enjoy oneself = have a good time = have fun 2. learn….. by oneself = teach oneself I learn English by myself. I teach myself English. 3. dress oneself The baby can dress itself. (注意:不知性别，用it 代替) 4. help oneself to 请自便 Help yourselves to some fish，children. (黑体字考点) 5. say to oneself = talk to oneself 自言自语 6. lose oneself 迷失自我，沉醉于 7. by oneself 由谁自己 8. kill oneself 自杀 9. hurt oneself 自残 10. come to oneself 苏醒 Sleeping beauty came to herself at last. DIY = Do it yourself. 自己做 不定代词 1．复合不定代词 some- -thing any- -body no- -one every- -where A 词意辨析 There are not any books on the desk. 同义句 There are no books on the desk. 重要 no 互换 not any no longer 互换 not any longer no one 互换 nobody I can do nothing. 同义句 I can’t do anything. nothing 互换 not anything everything = anything everyone = anybody B 做主语，谓单 There is nothing in the forest.森林里万籁俱寂. Everything is possible. 一切皆有可能. Nothing is impossible for a willing heart. 心之所愿,无所不成. Because impossible