初中英语语法全攻略.docVIP

lesson 9 代词（二）内 容 提 要代词分人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词、指示代词、关系代词和连接代词，它们在句子中承担不同的功用。 反 身 代 词一、反身代词有myself, ourselves, yourselves, himself, herself, themselves, itself。主语与宾语为同一人或物时，要用反身代词(否则就不能用反身代词)，反身代词也可放在名词或代词(主格)后面(也可放在句尾)起强调作用1) All ［A］ the scouts(童子军) got theirselves ［B］ ready for the ［C］ long camping trip by spending their weekends living ［D］ in the open.2) Various ［A］ animals have shells that keep themselves ［B］ from growing beyond ［C］ a certain ［D］ size. 3) Benjamin Banneker’s aptitude ［A］ in mathematics ［B］ and knowledge of astronomy enabled himself ［C］ to predict the solar ［D］ eclipse of 1789.4) The president announced that he himself ［A］ would act upon ［B］ the evidence as presented ［C］ to himself ［D］ by the congressional committee.5) Garrett ［A］ Morgan died in Cleveland， Ohio， the city that ［A］ had awarded himself ［B］ a gold medal for his devotion ［C］ to public ［D］ safety.6) Plants rid them ［A］ of excess water through ［B］ transpiration， the evaporation of extra ［C］ moisture from their ［D］ leaves.7) When Jonathan went ［A］ to Spain with his ［B］ sister， he bought a ［C］ leather coat for her and another for him ［D］ .二、例题解析1) B错。 改为themselves。2) B错。B处明显指代animals，而它前面的主语that却指代shells，也就是说“that”和“themselves”指的不是同一事物。由于主语与宾语不是同一物，故不能用反身代词，应改为宾格them。3) C错。本句的主语为aptitude，而非Benjamin Banneker(在这里它作aptitude的定语)，而C处的代词却指上文提到的人名“Benjamin Banneker”，由于主语与宾语并非指同一人，故不能用反身代词，应改用宾格him。4) D错。 改为to him。动词“presented”的(逻辑)主语是“evidence”，而不是A处的“he，”所以D“himself”处与C处“presented”的主语“evidence”不一致，所以不能用反身代词。5) B错。 改为him。同上。6) A错。此处的them指主语plants，rid是及物动词，由于主语与宾语指同一物，故应使用反身代词themselves。7) D错。 改为for himself。 lesson 10 代词（三）内 容 提 要代词分人称代词、物主代词、反身代词、不定代词、指示代词、关系代词和连接代词，它们在句子中承担不同的功用。 不 定 代 词一、“every”(每一个)只作为定语使用，即必须在其后加上单数可数名词构成名词短语，它不可与everyone(每一个)混淆。 everyone相当于名词，它不可修饰其他名词，只作主语或宾语 1) Every ［A］ knows that hospitals are institutions where the sick are treated， but how many ［B］ realize that they were once ［C］ homes for the indigent and the friendless ［D］ ?2) Everyo