初中语法 现在完成时课件.ppt

comb your hair ------ have combed it wash your hands ----- have washed them study for English test ----- have studied for it tell me the truth -----have told you everything visit your grandpa ----- have visited him listen to the English tape ----- have listened to it Mother: John, clean your teeth please. John: Mum, I have already cleaned them. Father: Tell your sister to buy some milk, John. John: Oh, she has just(刚刚) bought some. Father: Tell your sister to buy some milk, John. John: Oh, she has just bought some. carry some water for the old man ----has carried some boil some water ---- has boiled some make some coffee ---- has made some call Mr. Smith ---- has called him mend the shirt ---- has mended it dry her hair ----has dried hers 短暂性动词与时间段的关系 ●短暂性动词在肯定句、疑问句中不能与时间段连用，这些动词是：①become, ②begin, ③buy, ④borrow, ⑤come (go, arrive), ⑥die, ⑦finish, ⑧join, ⑨ leave, 等。 上一页 下一页 ●为了表述这种意思,我们常用相应的延续性动词 来代替短暂性动词。 主菜单 become →be, begin→ have , borrow → keep, buy → have, come (go, arrive, get) →be here/there/in…， die→ be dead, finish→ be over, join→ be in …（be a member of … ） leave→ be away ( from…), 下一页 上一页 主菜单 ●但在否定句中，短暂性动词可以与时间段连用。 如：I haven’t bought the bike for a year. 我买这辆自行车还不到一年。 She hasn’t come here for an hour. 她来这儿还没有一个小时。 上一页 下一页 主菜单 ? 翻 译 练 习： 1.我买了这块手表五年了。 2.这位老人已经死了十年了。 I have bought this watch for five years. I have had this watch for five years/since 5 years ago. The old man has died for ten years. The old man has been dead for ten years/since 10 years ago. W W 下一页 上一页 主菜单 3.他已经回来三天了。 4.自从六点钟他就来这儿了。 5.我离开家乡已十年了。 He has come back for 3 days. He has been back for 3 days/since 3 days ago. He has come here since 6 o’clock. He has been here since 6 o’clock. I have left hometown for 10 years. I have been away from hometown for 10 years. W W W