凝聚态光物理学1.pptVIP

Optical PropertiesofCondensed Matters 引言:光学过程的分类，光学系数，复折射率与复介电常数，光学材料(绝缘晶体，半导体，玻璃，金属，高分子材料等)，凝聚态物质光学性质的特征(对称性，电子能带，晶格振动，态密度，局域态和集体激发等)，微观模型。 光在凝聚态物质中传播的经典理论:光在稠密光学介质中的传播，偶极振子模型，色散理论，光学各向异性:双折射。 带间吸收:带间跃迁,直接跃迁的跃迁几率，直接带隙半导体的带边吸收，间接带隙半导体的带边吸收，带边以上的带间吸收，吸收谱的测量，光探测材料与器件。 激子:激子的概念，自由激子，外场中的自由激子，高密度的自由激子，弗仑克尔激子 发光:固体中光的发射，带间发光，光致发光，电致发光。 量子阱与量子点:量子限制结构，半导体量子阱的结构与制备，电子能级，光的吸收与激发，量子限制斯塔克效应，光发射，量子阱子的带间跃迁，Bloch振子，量子点。 自由电子:Plasma反射率,自由载流子电导，金属，掺杂半导体，Plasmon。 高分子材料:高分子材料简介，共轭分子的电子态，高分子光谱，芳烃共轭聚合物，有机光电子学。 发光中心:电子—声子相互作用，色心，离子晶体中的顺磁杂质，固体激光器与放大器，发光材料。 声子:红外活性声子，极性晶体红外反射与吸收，极化激元，极化子，非弹性光散射，声子寿命。 非线性光学:非线性极化率张量，光学非线性的物理起源，二阶非线性效应，三阶非线性效应。 光子晶体和光学微腔:光子能带，光子晶体的构成，光学微腔，腔量子电动力学简介。 1.3 The complex refractive index and dielectric constant Complex refractive index ?: extinction coefficient Where Complex dielectric constant 1.4 Optical materials 1.41 Crystalline insulators and semiconductors 1.4 Optical materials 1.41 Crystalline insulators and semiconductors Materials can take on new properties by controlled doping with optically active substance. 1.4 Optical materials 1.4.2 Glass Most types of glasses are made of silica (SiO2) with other chemicals. Insulator, all the characteristic features crystalline insulators, the trans range from around 200 nm to beyond 2000 nm; Small absorption and scattering losses; n changes by less than 1% over the whole visible spectral region; Chemicals are commonly added to silica during the fusion process to alter the refractive index and transmission range; Stained glass and colour glass filter are made by adding semiconductors with gaps in visible spectral region. 1.4 Optical materials1.4.4 Molecular (large organic molecules) Materials The molecular materials are held together by the weak van de Waals bonds, whereas the molecules are held together by strong covalent bonds. The optical properties of materials are similar to those of the individual molecules; Saturated com