00第0章细胞因子.pptVIP

Chap.6 细胞因子（ cytokine，CKs） 免疫细胞间是通过细胞间直接接触及细胞产生的可溶性分子（细胞因子）进行信息传递和联系的。 【内容提要】 1、 细胞因子的共性 ? 2、?细胞因子的分类和生物学活性 3、?细胞因子的受体（自学） 4、 与细胞因子及其受体相关的生物制品 ★ 定义 细胞因子是由机体多种细胞（淋巴细胞、单核巨噬细胞, 成纤维细胞、内皮细胞等）分泌的具有调节细胞功能的高活性多功能的小分子蛋白。不包括免疫球蛋白、补体和一般生理性产物。 （一）理化性质 1、为低分子量（15-30 kDa）的多肽或糖蛋白， 多为单体和分泌型。(IL-5,12, M-CSF 为双体，TNF为三体。 TNF-α、M-CSF、SCF等为膜型) （二）分泌特点 2、由激活的细胞合成并分泌。 产生细胞：免疫细胞、基质细胞、某些肿瘤细胞 刺激因素：Ag、mitogen、其他刺激物 3、多种分泌方式 自分泌、旁分泌、内分泌   第2节 细胞因子的各论 (一)、白细胞介素（interleukin，IL）：至今已发现30多种 Interleukins IL is often used to described cytokines produced by leukocytes IL-1 The principal function of IL-1, similar to that of TNF, is as a mediator of the host inflammatory response to infections and other inflammatory stimuli. IL-1 functions together with TNF in innate immunity and inflammation. The major cellular source of IL-1, like that of TNF is activated mononuclear phagocytes. IL-2 IL-2 is a growth factor for antigen-stimulated T lymphocytes and is responsible for T cell clonal expansion after antigen recognition. For this reason, IL-2 was originally called T cell growth factor. IL-2 acts mainly on the same cells that produce it. IL-2, produced by T cells on antigen recognition, is responsible for the proliferation of the antigen specific cells. IL-2 promotes the proliferation and differentiation of other immune cells. IL-2 stimulates the proliferation and differentiation of T and B lymphocytes and NK cells. IL-4 IL-4 is the major stimulus for the production of IgE antibodies and for the development of Th2 cells from naive CD4+ helper T cells. IL-4 is the signature cytokine of the TH2 subset and functions as both the inducer and an effector cytokine of these cells. IL-4 is the principal cytokine that stimulates B cell Ig heavy chain class switching to the IgE isotype. IL-4 stimulates B cell isotype switching to some immunoglobulin classes, notably IgE, an