Posteriorregionofupperlimb.ppt

Dorsum of wrist and hand 腕背和手背 Fascia of the dorsal hand The superficial fascia Deep fascia－the dorsal fascia of hand Superficial layer (dorsal aponeurosis) 手背腱膜 Deep layer (dorsal interosseous fascia) 骨间背侧筋膜 Anatomical snuff box 解剖鼻烟壶 When the thumb is abducted and extended, a triangular hollow appears between the tendon of the extensor pollicis longs medially and the tendons of the extensor pollicis brevis and abductor pollicis longus laterally. The floor of the snuff box is the scaphoid and trapezium bones and crossed by the radial a.. Extensor retinaculum 伸肌支持带 Thickening of deep faxcia of forearm a wrist Attached laterally to radius and medially to styloid process of ulna and triquetrum Forms six fibrous compartments for extensor tendons passing from forearm into hand: 1. tendons of abductor pollicis longus and extensor pollicis brevis and their synovial sheaths; 2. tendons of extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis and their synovial sheaths; 3. tendon of pollicis longus and its synovial sheath; 4. tendons of extensor digitorum, extensor indicis and their synovial sheaths; 5. tendon of extensor digiti minimi and its synovial sheaths; 6. tendon of extensor carpi ulnaris and its synovial sheaths Skin incisions The muscles of back Superficial group Trapezius 斜方肌 Latissimus dorsi 背阔肌 Levator scapulae 肩胛提肌 Rhomboideus菱形肌 Deep group Erector spinae 竖脊肌 Splenius 夹肌 Thoracolumbar fascia 胸腰筋膜 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Major muscles of the trunk Trapezius Origin: superior nuchal line, external occipital protuberance, ligamentum nuchae and spinous processes of seventh cervical and all thoracic vertebrae Insertion: lateral third of clavicle, acromion, and spine of scapulartery Acton: upper fibers elevate scapula, lower fibers depress scapula; if scapula is fixed, one side acting along, draws head toward the same side, and turn face to opposite side; both sides together, draw head directly backward Latissimus dorsi Origin: spin