ch1 ITE.ppt

QUESTIONS What is the definition of transportation? What are the main purposes of the courses like transportation engineering? List the milestone events in the development of transportation engineering. Why is it said that transportation engineering is a multidisciplinary field? What is a system? How to understand that transportation is typically systematic engineering? What are the primary components of a transportation system? What are the basic attributes usually used to evaluate transportation systems? Is distance one of the most pivotal factors in transportation planning? How does it affect transportation mode choosing? QUESTIONS JOKE 巡逻警察发现,有辆汽车每跑10米左右,便要上下颠簸一下。 于是，他发动摩托车追上去截住了那辆汽车：“您的车怎么啦？” 司机满脸惶恐：“没，没什么，巡逻官先生，我，我老打嗝。” JOKE 彼尔和本喝醉了。他们上了公共汽车。彼尔说：“我来买票。”本说：“还是我来买吧。”他把彼尔推到一个座位上。本把钱递到一个身穿蓝制服的人面前，说：“买两张到博物馆的票。”那人没有接钱。他气愤地对本说：“别给我钱，我是个海军军官。”本打量了这人一会儿，然后对彼尔喊道：“过来，咱们下去。我们搞错了！这不是汽车是轮船。” JOKE Traveler: Can I catch the three o’clock train to Washington? Ticket Agent: That depends on how fast you can run. It left fifteen minutes ago. Ubiquity The amount of accessibility to the system, directness of routing between access points, and the system’s flexibility to handle a variety of traffic conditions. Highways are very ubiquitous compared to railroads, the latter having limited ubiquity as a result of their large investments and inflexibility. Mobility The quantity of travel that can be handled. The capacity of a system to handle traffic and speed are two variables connected with mobility. A freeway has high mobility, whereas a local road has low mobility. Water transport may have comparatively low speed, but the capacity per vehicle is high. On the other hand, a rail system could possibly have high speed and high capacity. Efficiency The relationship between the cost of transportation and the productivity of the system. Direct costs of a system are composed of capital and operating costs, and indirect costs comprise adverse impacts and u