Analytical Determination of the Control Parameters for a Large Photovoltaic Generator.pdf

122 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON SUSTAINABLE ENERGY, VOL. 2, NO. 2, APRIL 2011 Analytical Determination of the Control Parameters for a Large Photovoltaic Generator Embedded in a Grid System S. Shahnawaz Ahmed, Senior Member, IEEE, and Md. Mohsin Abstract—It appears that, until now, no work has been reported In Germany, Australia, and other developed countries, large on evaluating the operational impacts of large photovoltaic gener- photovoltaic plants ranging from 10 MW [3] to more than ators (PVGs) embedded in a high-voltage grid system. To meet this 150 MW [4] are either already embedded or expected to be goal, the authors have proposed in this paper that the pulsewidth- integrated in the conventional high voltage grid in the next few modulated inverter that interfaces a PVG with a grid Bus be mod- elled in terms of its control parameters in the load flow analysis. years. Nevertheless, any information on their operating strate- This will then provide a direct answer as how to control a PVG gies is yet to be made available. However, significant work and what will be the real and reactive power, and voltage at the in- [5]–[12] has been done on photovoltaic modules ranging in size terfacing and other grid Buses. For this it is necessary to predeter- from a few tens of watts to a few kilowatts only and operating mine the PVG inverter control parameters for a given steady state, with or without a parallel alternate source, e.g., capacitor i.e., given insolation (incoming solar radiation) and system load. So bank, battery, fuel cell, diesel generator, or wind turbine. The an analytical method for this predetermination has been proposed considering the available insolation and the bound