Economic and Efficient Voltage Management Using CustomerOwned Energy Storage Systems.pdf

102 IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON POWER SYSTEMS, VOL. 28, NO. 1, FEBRUARY 2013 Economic and Efficient Voltage Management Using Customer-Owned Energy Storage Systems in a Distribution Network With High Penetration of Photovoltaic Systems Hideharu Sugihara, Member, IEEE, Kohei Yokoyama, Osamu Saeki, Kiichiro Tsuji, Life Member, IEEE, and Tsuyoshi Funaki, Member, IEEE Abstract— The widespread installation of distributed generation of such a simultaneous occurrence are often be extremely low systems is crucial for making optimal use of renewable energy. throughout the year because the electricity demand in distribu- However, local distribution networks face voltage fluctuation prob- tion networks changes daily and seasonally, and PV output has lems if numerous photovoltaic (PV) systems are connected. Re- cently, energy storage systems that can be installed at commer- probabilistic characteristics [11]–[13]. Distribution network op- cial customers have been developed. This paper proposes a con- erators (DNOs) can manage the bus voltages in a distribution cept that solves the voltage fluctuation problem in distribution net- network by installing only voltage regulators, but a DNO pri- works with high penetration of PV systems by using customer-side marily determines the capacity of voltage regulators after con- energy storage systems. The distribution network operator (DNO) sidering worst-case scenarios (i.e., the highest PV output and is allowed to control the output of the energy storage systems of customers during a specific time period in exchange for a sub- the lowest daytime load); consequently, the cost is significantly sidy covering a port