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《The Basics of Organic Light Emitting Diodes》.pdf

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《The Basics of Organic Light Emitting Diodes》.pdf

Liquid Crystals Photonics Group - Ghent University (Belgium) 页码,1/5 The Basics of Organic Light Emitting Diodes This tutorial gives a short introduction to the field of Organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs). The tutorial is divided in 4 sections: ■ What are OLEDs ? ■ Working principle ■ Efficiency ■ Applications and advantages What are OLEDs ? Organic light emitting diodes are a relatively new technology for solid state light sources. A typical OLED consists of two organic layers (electron and hole transport layers), embedded between two electrodes. The top electrode is usually a metallic mirror with high reflectivity and the bottom electrode a transparent ITO layer on top of the glass substrate. Construction of an OLED Working principle When a voltage is applied to the electrodes the charges start moving in the device under the influence of the electric field. Electrons leave the cathode and holes move from the anode in opposite direction. The recombination of this charges leads to the creation of a photon with a frequency given by the energy gap (E = hν) between the LUMO and HOMO levels of the emitting molecules. Therefore, the electrical power applied to the electrodes is transformed into light. http://trappist.elis.ugent.be/ELISgroups/lcd/tutorials/tut_oled.php 2010-03-10 Liquid Crystals Photonics Group - Ghent University (Belgium) 页码,2/5 Charge transport and light generation in OLEDs Different materials and dopants can be used to generate different colors and the combination of them allows building up a white light source. Materials used in OLEDs Efficiency The ratio between the electrical power supplied to

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