《1-基于随机前沿的中国制造业全要素能源效率研究》.pdf

基于随机前沿的中国制造业全要素能源效率研究 1 陈关聚 白永秀 (西北大学经济管理学院，陕西西安，710069) 摘要：运用随机前沿技术研究了我国制造业 25 个行业的能源效率，结果发现，2003-2009 年制造业能源效率总体呈现上升态势，行业间能效水平差异较大。对能源效率值的分层聚类 分析显示，25 个行业大体归纳为 4 类能效水平，能源消耗量大的重工制造业能效高，劳动 力密集型的轻工制造业能效低。能源结构是影响能效改善的重要因素，增加煤炭消费量对能 效有显著的负影响，增加电力、石油的消费对能效有显著正向影响。建议加快发展高端制造 业，利用对外投资机会转移部分高耗能制造业，能源消费和生产从化石资源向再生资源战略 转移，建立以能源价格引导企业节能降耗的长效机制。 关键词：制造业、能源效率、能源结构、随机前沿分析(SFA) 中图分类号 F062.9 文献标识码 A A Study on Total Factor Energy Efficiency of Chinese Manufacture Industry Based on Stochastic Frontier Approach CHEN Guan-ju, BAI Yong-xiu (School of economic and management, northwest university, Xi’an, Shaanxi, 710069) Abstract : This research discusses the manufacture Industry energy efficiencies of 25 sectors according to panel data from 2003 to 2009 by Stochastic Frontier Approach based on Cobb-Doulas production function. We find the average energy efficiency improved slowly, the difference between sectors is remarkably. 25 sectors is divided into four kind of level by System cluster analysis, Evidence is found that the energy of heavy industry which consumed much more energy is high, but light industry efficiency is low. Energy structure can affect efficiency obviously; increase in coal consumption will decrease energy efficiency, however increase in oil and electric power can improve efficiency obviously. The paper suggests develop high level manufacture. Drive diversion of manufacture sectors which rely on energy from China to other countries. Energy conservation mechanism by price should be established. Key words: Manufacture Industry；Energy efficiency；energy structure ；stochastic frontier approach(SFA) 一、引言 能源是一个国家的经济和社会发展的基础，也是影响社会经济发展的制约因素。长期以 1基金项目：工商管理陕西省重点学科建设基金(批准号