《4.chapter2POS》.pdf

  1. 1、本文档共26页,可阅读全部内容。
  2. 2、有哪些信誉好的足球投注网站(book118)网站文档一经付费(服务费),不意味着购买了该文档的版权,仅供个人/单位学习、研究之用,不得用于商业用途,未经授权,严禁复制、发行、汇编、翻译或者网络传播等,侵权必究。
  3. 3、本站所有内容均由合作方或网友上传,本站不对文档的完整性、权威性及其观点立场正确性做任何保证或承诺!文档内容仅供研究参考,付费前请自行鉴别。如您付费,意味着您自己接受本站规则且自行承担风险,本站不退款、不进行额外附加服务;查看《如何避免下载的几个坑》。如果您已付费下载过本站文档,您可以点击 这里二次下载
  4. 4、如文档侵犯商业秘密、侵犯著作权、侵犯人身权等,请点击“版权申诉”(推荐),也可以打举报电话:400-050-0827(电话支持时间:9:00-18:30)。
查看更多
《4.chapter2POS》.pdf

Parts of Speech 0. WORDS AND WHY THEY MATTER TO SYNTAX It goes without saying that sentences are made up of words, so before we get into the meat of this book, it’s worth looking carefully at different kinds of words. What is most important to us here is the word’s part of speech (also known as syntactic categ ory). The most common parts of speech are nouns, verbs, adj ectives, adverbs, and prepositions (we will also look at some other less familiar parts of speech below). Parts of speech tell us how a word is going to function in the sentence. Consider the sentences in (1). Notice that we can substitute various words that are of the type noun for the second word in the sentence: 1) a) The man loved peanut butter cookies. b) The puppy loved peanut butter cookies. c) The king loved peanut butter cookies. However, we cannot substitute words that aren’t nouns:1 2) a) *The green loved peanut butter cookies. b) *The in loved peanut butter cookies. c) *The sing loved peanut butter cookies. 1 Remember, the * symbol means that a sentence is syntactically ill-formed. 36 Preliminaries The same holds true for larger groups of words (the square brackets [ … ] mark off the relevant groups of words). 3) a) [John] went to the store. b) [The man] went to the store. c) *[Quickly walks] went to the store. 4) a) [Norvel] kissed the blarney stone. b) *[To the washroom] kissed the blarney stone. If we have categories for words that can appear in certain positions and categories for those that don’t we can make generalizations (scientific ones) about the behavior of different word types. This is why we need parts of speech in syntactic theory . 1. DETERMINING PART OF SPEECH 1.1

文档评论(0)

wfkm + 关注
实名认证
内容提供者

该用户很懒,什么也没介绍

1亿VIP精品文档

相关文档