《Modeling Trees with a Space Colonization Algorithm》.pdf

Eurographics Workshop on Natural Phenomena (2007) D. Ebert, S. Mérillou (Editors) Modeling Trees with a Space Colonization Algorithm Adam Runions, Brendan Lane, and Przemyslaw Prusinkiewicz Department of Computer Science, University of Calgary, Canada Abstract We extend the open leaf venation model by Runions et al. [RFL05] to three dimensions and show that it gener- ates surprisingly realistic tree structures. Model parameters correspond to visually relevant tree characteristics identified in landscaping, offering convenient control of tree shape and structure. Keywords: visual realism, procedural modeling, generative tree modeling, model control 1. Introduction the initial bud arrangement. Second, there are significant dif- ferences between branches in their growth and development: Visual modeling of tree architecture began with the work some twigs become major limbs, while others remain small of Honda [Hon71]. He proposed modeling trees as recur- or are shed. Third, the initial directions of branch growth, sive branching structures characterized by a small num- determined by bud arrangement and branching angles, are ber of geometric attributes: branching angles and length ra- significantly modified by branch reorientation, tropisms, and tios of consecutive branch segments (internodes). The ba-