论邦雅曼·贡斯当的自由思想.pdf

论邦雅曼·贡斯当的自由思想 摘 要 邦雅曼·贡斯当作为近代法国自由主义的代表性人物。但对他 的自由思想的研究在我国史学界还很薄弱。本文试图在前人研究基 础上就贡斯当的自由思想进行较为全面的分析。 本文在引言部分就贡斯当自由思想的国内外研究状况作一介 绍，并提出本文的主旨、创新之处及研究意义。第一章分析贡斯当 自由思想的背景。本文仅从贡斯当个人早期的经历、时代环境、思 想渊源三个方面加以论证，试图为贡斯当自由思想提供更为广阔的 背景。第二章就贡斯当自由思想内涵的两种自由观予以剖析，分析 其对两种自由的界定和区分；指出导致两种自由不同的原因；两种 自由有何内在关联性。第三章就贡斯当自由思想内涵的宪政思想加 以分析。具体分析他是如何通过一套宪政制度的设计来保障政治自 由的实现，用分权制衡来为个人自由提供保障。第四章对贡斯当的 自由思想进行评价，指出其在自由主义思想史中的地位。结语部分 总结全文，指出贡斯当的自由思想的历史意义。 关键词：贡斯当 古代人自由 现代人自由 人民主权 宪政 On Benjamin Constant’s Liberal Thoughts Abstract Benjamin Constant was a representative character of liberalism in modern France. But there were still few researches on his liberal thoughts in our history educational research world. Adhering to the research results of many other historians, this paper tries to set a foot on the field of Benjamin Constant’s liberal thoughts. The introduction presents a brief condition about domestic and foreign research condition makes an introduction and proposes this article primary intention, the innovation place and the research significance. The first chapter of this paper presents a brief introduction of the background of Benjamin Constant’s liberal thought. This article wants to prove in three aspects: his early individual experience, the time environment and the origin of thought, which attempts to provide a broader background. In the second chapter, we analyze his views of two kinds of freedom and the difference of two kind of freedom, point out the causes and internal relations. In third chapter, we analyze his constitutional government thought. We will analyze how Benjamin Constant to safeguard the political free realization through a set of constitutionalism systems design, how to provide the