工程测量毕业论文___德天铁路跨线大桥的施工.doc

摘要 本文主要针对德天铁路跨线大桥的施工，进行施工测量控制网的方案设计，并验证该方案实施的可行性。介绍了桥梁施工测量控制网的特点、布网原则与方法，根据桥型、桥长进行施工测量控制网的精度设计，并应用方差-协方差传播定律估算设计方案能否达到精度要求。根据精度分析,测角网(三角网) 有利于控制方位误差, 即横向误差,而测边网有利于控制尺寸误差,即纵向误差,在建立控制网时为了充分发挥测角网和测边网的这些特点, 布设同时测角和测边的控制网, 即边角网。 关键词：施工测量控制网；网形设计；方案论证；精度估算 ABSTRACT This article mainly aims at the Niagara railway cross line bridge construction, Construction surveying control network design, And verify the feasibility of the. Introduced the characteristics of bridge construction surveying control network, Network principle and method, According to the bridge, Bridge length construction surveying control network precision design, And the application of variance covariance propagation law of design scheme can meet the precision requirement of estimation. According to the precision analysis, Triangulation network ( triangulation ) is helpful to control the azimuth error, I.e., Transverse error, And trilateration network facilitates the control of size deviation, I.e. Vertical error, In the establishment of control network in order to make full use of triangulation network and Trilateration Network of these features, Iayout measuring angle and side control network, Whereby the edge corner net. In the layout of corner of the net at the same time, also laying elevation control network for bridge linear control. Linear control of main goal is to make a bridge line to meet the design requirements, Which requires accurate measurement in the process of the construction of each working procedure after the completion of the beam end elevation changes and midline deviation. Key words: Control etwork; Network design; The demonstration of the Programme; Precision Evaluation 目 录 摘要 1 1 绪论 1 1.1 施工控制的目的与意义 1 1.2 国内外施工控制技术的发展现状 2 1.5 控制网发展现状 3 1.6 控制网对桥梁建设的实际意义 6 2 德天铁路跨线大桥控制网方案 7 2.1 工程概况 7 2.2 平面控制网 7 2.3 平面控制网精度设计 8 2.4 平面控制网观测方案 10 2.5 高程控制网 10 3 桥梁控制网设计 11 3.1 控制网网形设计原则 11 3.2 桥梁施工控制网 12 3.3 控制网设计方案 13 4 桥梁施工控制网的精度估算 16 4.1 间接平差模型的基础方程和解 16 4.2 最小二乘法原