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Chapter 4
Traffic Studies
Chapter 4 Traffic Studies
A well-designed, well-executed traffic study is critical in the
decision-making process for many transportation-related projects
and it is a basic in traffic engineering. Traffic study is conducted for
many reasons and applications, such as managing the physical
system, calibrating basic relationships or parameters, assessing
potential impacts, evaluating facility or system performance, and so
on.
4.1 Objectives of Traffic Studies
Traffic engineers collect data for many reasons and applications:
•Managing the physical system. Physical inventories of physical
system elements are always needed. These include traffic control
devices, lighting fixtures, and roadways. These inventories help assess
which items need to be replaced or repaired, and on what anticipated
schedule.
• Investigating trends over time. Traffic engineers need trend data to
help forecast future transportation needs. Parametric studies on traffic
volumes, speed, and densities help quantify current demand and assess
operating quality of traffic facilities. Accident studies reveal locations
with problems that must be addressed and mitigated. Establishing
trends allows the traffic engineer to make needed improvements before
an obvious deficiency in the system manifests itself.
• Understanding the needs and choices of the public and industry.
The traffic engineer must have a good measure of how and why
people travel for planning and development purposes. Studies of
how travelers make mode choices, time of trip decisions and other
judgments is critical to understanding the nature of travel demand.
Studies of parking and goods delivery characteristics help plan
facilities to effectively handle these demands.
• Calibrating basic relationships o
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