Effects of microwave condition on the formation and characteristics of TiO2 submicron-sized beads and its use in all-plastic flexible dye-sensitized solar cells》.pdf

Solar Energy Materials Solar Cells 144 (2016) 7–13 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Solar Energy Materials Solar Cells journal homepage: /locate/solmat Effects of microwave condition on the formation and characteristics of TiO2 submicron-sized beads and its use in all-plastic flexible dye-sensitized solar cells Chiung-Wen Hsu a, Chun-Ren Ke a, Li-Chieh Chen a, Peter Chen b, Jyh-Ming Ting a,n a Department of Materials Science and Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan b Department of Photonics, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan a r t i c l e i n f o a b s t r a c t Article history: Carbon and/or nitrogen doped TiO2 mesoporous beads have been prepared using hexamethylenete- Received 12 February 2015 tramine as the dopant source in a microwave-assisted hydrothermal synthetic route. It is found that the Received in revised form hydrothermal time has pronounced effects on the crystallinity, grain size, and carbon and/or nitrogen 30 April 2015 incorporation into the TiO2 lattices. The carbon and/or nitrogen doping creates interband localized states Accepted 17 August 2015 above the valence band of TiO2 and therefore enhances the optical response of TiO2 in the visible light region. Selected carbon and/or nitrogen doped TiO2 mesoporous beads are made into flexible dye-sen- Keywords: sitized solar cells (FDSSCs), which are analyzed by s