大蒜素的提取及含量测定学士学位论文.doc

本科生论文（设计） 大蒜中大蒜素的提取及含量测定 Extraction and Determination of allicin in garlic 大蒜中大蒜素的提取及含量测定 摘要：大蒜素是大蒜中的主要活性成分，是大蒜破碎后，蒜氨酸在蒜酶催化作用下产生的一种具有生物活性的有机硫化物，具有抗菌消炎、降血压降血脂、防癌等作用，可用于多种疾病的防治，在临床上的应用也越来越广泛，作为药物或保健品开发具有广阔前景。 大蒜素的提取方法可以分为三类：水蒸气蒸馏、溶剂及超临界流体萃取，但是采用水蒸气蒸馏得到的提取物中大蒜素含量很低，导致提取物的活性很低 关键词：大蒜素、提取、含量测定 Extraction and Determination of allicin in garlic (Yunnan Agricultural University College of Basic Science and Information Engineer,Kunming 650201) ABSTRACT： Allicin is the main active ingredient in garlic,crushed garlic alliin in the garlic enzyme catalysis of a biologically active organic sulfides,With antibacterial anti-inflammatory role in lowering blood pressure, lowering blood pressure, anti-cancer,Can be used for the prevention and treatment of many diseases,Clinical application is more and more widely, and has broad prospects for development as drugs or health products .Allicin extraction methods can be divided into three categories:Steam distillation, solvent extraction and supercritical fluid extraction method,However, the extract obtained by steam distillation and the allicin content is low, resulting in low activity of the extracts.Supercritical extraction extraction rate, the quality is good, but the high cost of production, complex equipment operation difficult.Comprehensive consideration on the basis of the organic solvent extraction, ethanol extraction solvent extraction of allicin, research to determine the optimum parameters. Determination of allicin content of barium sulfate precipitation method. Key words: Allicin;Extract ;Content ;determination 大蒜中大蒜素的提取含量及测定 1 引言 研究意义： 通过以大蒜为原料来提取大蒜素，大蒜素的提取方法可以分为三类：水蒸气蒸馏、溶剂及超临界流体萃取，但是采用水蒸气蒸馏得到的提取物中大蒜素含量很低，导致提取物的活性很低 大蒜为单叶子植物百合科葱属植物蒜的鳞茎，含有丰富的营养物质，对冠心病、高血压、动脉粥样硬化症等有防止作用[5]。 大蒜素[6](Allimin)又称大蒜油,化学名称为2-丙稀基硫代亚磺酸稀丙脂。结构式CH2=CH-CH2-S-S-S-CH2-CH=CH2，分子量为178。是从大蒜球茎中分离出的一种化合物,具有强烈的辛辣刺激味。大蒜素不稳定，特别是在热和碱性环境下易分解。大蒜素微溶于水，易容于醇、醚等有机溶剂。 目前大蒜素具有广泛的应用，有医疗保健作用，大蒜素具有广谱抗菌作用[7]， 大蒜素在食品保鲜中的应用,大