《中考英语被动语态学习小结》.doc

中考英语被动语态学习小结 英语动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态。初中阶段的被动语态有五种时态，我们可以从以下方面进行小结： 一、被动语态的时态及结构（以动词do为例） 结构：主语 + be + 过去分词 时态：1. 一般现在时： am (is, are) done. 2.带情态动词的被动语态：must (can, may, should, need, would) be done 3. 一般过去时： was (were) done * 4. 一般将来时： will (shall) be done * 5. 现在进行时： am (is, are) being done * 6. 现在完成时： have (has) been done (前三种形式为四会掌握内容) 二、从初中阶段所学五种基本句型谈变被动语态时应注意的问题。 1．主语 + 连系动词 + 表语 (S+V+P) 此结构不可用被动语态。 (正) The flowers smell sweet. (误) The flowers are smelt sweet. 2．主语 + 不及物动词 (S+V) 此结构不可变被动语态。 (正) An accident happened last night. (误) An accident was happened last night. 3．主语 + 及物动词 + 宾语 (S + V+ O) （1）将主动语态的宾语变为被动语态的主语 Children often sing this song This song is often sung by children. （2）将含有介词或副词的动词短语变为被动结构时，不可将介词或副词去掉。 We should listen to the teachers carefully. The teachers should be listened to carefully. 4．主语 + 及物动词 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语 (S + V+ IO+ DO) （1）.将表人的间接宾语变为主语，直接宾语不变。 He showed us a picture . We were shown a picture. （2）.将指物的直接宾语变为主语，要在间接宾语前加介词to或for. 常用加to的动词give, show, pass, read等 常用加for的动词 buy, get, make, sing, draw 等 A picture was shown to us. A dictionary was bought for me by my parents. 5． 主语+及物动词 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语 (S+ V+ O + C) 如动词为 make, see, hear, watch 等，后接宾语补足语为不带“to”不定式时，变被动语态时要加上“to” 。 I saw him fall off the tree. He was seen to fall off the tree. *6. be + 过去分词 并非都是被动语态，系动词 be, feel, seem,look,等词后面的过去分词已转化为形容词，作表语用，表示某种状态。 Im interested in mathematics. 我对数学感兴趣。某些动词用主动语态来表示被动含义。The womans clothes sell well. 女装卖的快。1 一、选择题 ( )1._____ a new library _____ in our school last year? A.Is; built B.Was; bulit C.Does; build D.Did; build ( )2.An accident ____ on this road last week. A.has been happened B.was happened C.is happened D.happened ( )3.Cotton ____ in the southeast of China. A.is grown B.are grown C.grows D.grow ( )4.So far,the moon ____ by man already. A.is visited B.will be visited C.has been visited D.was visi