中北大学-数控车床六角刀架设计.doc

毕业设计说明书 数控车床六角刀架设计 班 级： 学号： 姓 名： 学 院： 专 业： 指导教师： 2014年 6 月 数控车床六角刀架设计 摘 要 单轴六角自动车床刀架进给装置的工作原理是利用电机带动分配轴转动，然后由分配轴上的三个凸轮分别控制三个杠杆，再由杠杆控制刀架的运动来进行对工件的切削，三个刀架的结构基本相同，他们都是沿着各自导轨作垂直于主轴轴线方向移动。 工艺动作过程为：首先由送料机构运行提供要加工的工件，然后电机带动分配轴转动，固定在分配轴上的三个安装方向不同的凸轮共同转动。第一个凸轮先控制前刀架运动：控制前刀架的凸轮带动杠杆比为1:1的杠杆摆动，控制装有车刀的前刀架滑板移动，刀架移动控制车刀分为快速送进、匀速切削、快速退出、静止四个阶段运动，前刀架的刚性较好，用于强力和成形车削。第二个凸轮控制后刀架运动：控制后刀架的凸轮带动杠杆摆动，由于后刀架装在机床后部，离第二个凸轮的距离较远，且进给方向与前刀架正好相反，所以采用两级杠杆进行传动，也控制车刀完成四个阶段运动。第三个凸轮控制上刀架运动：控制上刀架的凸轮除了通过两级杠杆外，还经过拉杆带动上部的杠杆，从而带动上刀架滑座沿导轨上下移动，同样也完成四个阶段运动对工件进行切削。 关键词：数控车床，六角刀架，凸轮 CNC lathe turret design Abstract The working principle of single axis six angle automatic lathe feeding device is driven by the motor distribution shaft to rotate,and then by three on the camshaft control respectively the three lever,the lever tool movement of the workpiece cutting tool,structure three is basically the same,they are all along the respective guide for vertical movement in the direction of the spindle axis. Technological action process: first by the feeding mechanism operation to provide the workpiece to be processed,and then the motor drives the distribution shaft,fixed on the distribution on the axis of the three different installation directions cam rotates together.The first cam to control tool movement: cam control front rest drive lever ratio for swing lever 1:1, control a tool before sliding carriage mobile, mobile control tool holder are divided into fast feeding, uniform cutting, rapid retreat, rest four stages before the motion, the rigidity of the knife is better, for strength and forming turning. The second cam control tool movement: control tool driven cam swing lever, the turret mounted on the machine back, far away from the second cam distance, and feed direction and the front tool rest is just the opposite, so the two lever drive, also control tool