《2016 综述 锂离子电池专业文献.》.pdf

J Solid State Electrochem (2011) 15:285–291 DOI 10.1007/s10008-010-1096-7 ORIGINAL PAPER Comments on charge density waves John B. Goodenough Received: 30 April 2010 /Revised: 6 May 2010 /Accepted: 9 May 2010 /Published online: 28 May 2010 # Springer-Verlag 2010 Abstract Charge density waves (CDWs) in transition- electron transfer does not always occur. The insertion of metal compounds are shown to be a consequence of the interstitial O atoms in the La CuO system allows i 2 4þd first-order character of the crossover from localized to monitoring of the formation of a dynamic phase segregation itinerant d-electron behavior; they are formed as this into mobile multihole polarons in a hole-free matrix that crossover is approached from either the localized-electron order into a thermodynamically distinct superconductive or the itinerant-electron side. Opening of a gap at the Fermi phase. The polarons may either order into pinned metallic energy by changing the periodicity of the electron potential stripes or as two-hole, two-electron bosonic polarons that energy is a description that is only applicable on the become pinned to phonons in a superconductive phase that approach from the itinerant-electron side. At crossover, masks a quantum critical point. single-valent transition-metal compounds with metal–metal d-electron bonding form cation clusters in which d- Keywords Insertion compounds . Localized-itinerant electrons are confined to molecular orbitals; normally, the d-electron transition . Copper-oxide superconductivity individual bonds of a cluster are electron-pair bonds. However, in Zn[V ]O