基于沃尔玛的大型物流配送研究.doc

摘 要 连锁超市由于在降低成本、扩大规模、提高竞争能力等方面的独特优势，已成为超市的主流和方向，而大型连锁超市有别于一般的连锁超市，无论从规模还是经济条件，都更适合借鉴一些大型的国际化连锁超市，如本文基于的沃尔玛超市。随着国内外大型连锁超市的激烈竞争，作为连锁经营的“神经中枢”的物流配送显然已经成为超市竞争的重点。对于大型连锁超市来说，统一配送是连锁经营构成核心竞争力的重要组成部分，它代表了现代商品流通的发展趋势。随着连锁超市的发展，以及超市寻求新的利润源泉的需要，统一配送越来越发挥着重要的作用。而如今大部分大型连锁超市都建立了自己的配送中心，实行自营配送的方式，将货物进行统一配送。可以说，这是大型连锁超市不断扩大规模发展的必然结果。而配送中心的建设将直接关系到超市连锁的规模效益及经济优势，所以大型连锁超市建设现代化的配送中心也是必需的。 本文基于沃尔玛物流配送的成功关键及在我国存在的选址问题进行分析，从而得出一些相对应的经验及优化方式用来解决目前我国大型连锁超市所存在的问题。文章首先介绍了连锁超市及其统一配送的重要性，其次将沃尔玛与家乐福进行对比，用以说明基于沃尔玛研究的原因。随后具体分析了沃尔玛物流配送的成功关键即拥有现代化程度极高的物流配送中心，以及配送中心选址相关的问题，在此基础上提出了配送中心选址的优化方式。最后根据沃尔玛相关的经验，解决相应的问题。 关键词：大型连锁超市，沃尔玛超市，物流配送，配送中心 Abstract Owning to a special advantage in reducing costs,expanding scale and improving competitiveness,Chain supermarket become fashionable and directive.But the mayor chain supermarket is different from a normal chain supermarket from scale and economic condition.It is better to learn something from some international mayor chain supermarkets like Walmart related in this artical.With the intensification of competition among the chain supermarket which is in country or out of country,logistics distribution become a focus of supermarket competition.And unified distribution is a important part of core of chainable management for a mayor chain supermarket.It stands for trend of mordern goods circulations development.With the development of chain supermarkets and the need that supermarkets seek for a profitable resourse.Unified distribution become more and more important.Nowaday partly mayor chain supermarket has built up their own logistics distribution center.They run their own way logistic distribution to make goods distributed unified.This is the inevitable result that mayor chain supermarkets continue to expand the scale of supermarkets development.Building distribution center will be directly related to supermarkets profit of scale and advantage of economy.So building a modernized distribution center is nessersory. This artical focus on the mainpoint of