特别犯之参与关系─以刑法第三十一条为中心.pdf

國立成功大學法律學研究所碩士論文 特別犯之參與關係 －以刑法第三十一條為中心－ Participatory Relationship of Status Crime: Concentrating on Section 31 of Taiwans Criminal Code 研 究 生：黃麗岑 指導教授：王效文 博士 中 華 民 國 97 年 7 月 8 日 摘要 特別犯主要係指構成要件對於行為主體資格的限制，其與一般犯的區別實益在於 數人參與犯罪時，才會顯現。又特別犯所謂的「身分或特定關係」應如何認定，本文 擬從比較法的觀點去尋求解答。另外，支配犯的參與關係之處罰基礎是否可以適用在 特別犯的參與關係，刑法第三十一條之規定是否與特別犯的性質有所牴觸，也是本文 討論的重點。此外，九十四年修法時曾修正刑法第三十一條之規定，但此次修法是否 妥適，學理上也頗有爭論，因此本文亦將討論學說上對於此次修法的評論與建議。最 後，本文以純正特別犯與不純正特別犯為分類，分別說明參與純正特別犯犯罪與不純 正特別犯犯罪應如何處理的問題。 關鍵詞： 身分犯、特別犯、義務犯、己手犯、身分、特定關係、共同正犯、間接正犯、 雙重身分犯 Abstract “Sonderdelikte” mean requirements of the act doer in the constituent elements of an offence. The necessity to distinct “Allgemeindelikte” and “Sonderdelikte” would reveal while there are more than one person participate in committal. This thesis adopts comparative approach to ascertain what the status of “Sonderdelikte” is. In addition, this thesis focuses on whether the penalty structure of participatory relationship on “Allgemeindelikte” could be applied to the participatory relationship of “Sonderdelikte”, and whether Section 31 of Taiwan’s Criminal Code is against the essence of “Sonderdelikte”. Besides, amendment to Section 31 in 2005 has ever brought severe academic debates, and this thesis also would examine these discussions. Finally, this thesis would elaborate how to deal issues of “echte Sonderdelikte” and “unechte Sonderdelikte” from categorization of them. Keywords: Status crimes; the Status; complicity; Indirect pr