关于我国罚金刑制度的缺陷及完善.pdf

摘 要 摘 要 如何更好的实现刑罚目的，收到较好的行刑效果为各国立法所重视。随着人权保护 和行刑社会效果的备受关注，罚金刑在各国立法和司法实践中也越来越受到重视。在刑 罚轻缓化的国际趋势下，许多国家修改立法扩大了选科及单科罚金刑适用的比例。用刑 轻缓化不代表不能用重刑，但若某种刑罚方式能够达到和犯罪相对应的适用关系，而且 节约司法资源，使受刑人的权益受到最小的损害，更好的实现刑罚目的我们就应当选择 之。 我国现行刑法典配置单科及选科罚金刑的比例是较低的，在为数不多的罚金刑中必 并科罚金式占了较大的比例，因此总体上看我国刑法中的重刑较多而开放性的刑罚方式 较少，用刑轻缓化的特点在我国的刑法中表现的不是很明显。除此之外，罚金刑立法中 的不协调、罚金数额的立法缺陷等问题也是比较明显的。立法是司法的先导，立法的不 完善直接影响了罚金刑的司法适用和执行效果，在罚金刑的司法裁量过程中量刑失衡问 题普遍存在，判处的罚金得不到执行已经见怪不怪。因此，完善我国的立法以解决罚金 刑制度中存在的诸多问题已成为我国立法的必由之路。为此，笔者提出了扩大选科罚金 制及限额罚金制的配置比例、限制必并科罚金制和无限额罚金制的适用比例，为司法裁 量制定科学规范的指导规则、建立罚金刑易科制度、罚金刑缓刑制度和罚金刑减刑制度 等具体的立法构想以期对我国的罚金刑立法改革有所裨益。 关键词 罚金刑 司法裁量 执行难 I Abstract Abstract All countries attach importance to how to better achieve the purpose of punishment, receive better execution results. With the concern of human rights protection and social effects of execution, national legislation and judicial practice pay more and more attention to fine penalty. In mitigation of penalty under the international trend, fine penalty has become the representative of the penalty mitigation. Mitigation does not mean that it can not use heavy penalty, however, if a penalty has achieved the corresponding relationship with crime, and save judicial resources, the rights of inmates can suffer the least damage and can achieve better purpose of punishment, we should choose it. How to set a reasonable fine legislation and resolve the problems in the judicial practice has become the important measure of a country of legal civilization and progress . In our countrys current criminal code, shall only be fined and choose-fine penalty in a lo