必威体育精装版中国机动车第三第四阶段排放标准及对策.ppt

* * * * * 颗粒过滤器 * * SCR系统 操作控制模块 尿素罐 SCR催化器 N2和水 NOx 尿素输送管 尿素喷头 还原剂 柴油 发动机 排气 SCR 系统 * * 轻型车油耗（CO2排放量）法规介绍 * * 燃料消耗量标准 CO2既是环境大气的污染物，同时直接反映了车辆的燃油消耗。成为当今的重要排放控制对象。 我国从2005年起开始控制轻型汽车的燃油消耗（CO2排放） GB19578-2004 乘用车燃料消耗量限值 GB/T19233-2003 轻型汽车燃料消耗量试验方法 * * 美国以某公司的各种车型经销售量加权后的平均燃油耗表示（CAFE）。 日本将汽车质量分为9组规定限值，每个质量组采用CAFE（质量分组+CAFE）。 中国 将汽车质量分为16组规定限值。 汽油车和柴油车采用同一限值； 限值分两阶段； 乘用车燃料消耗量限值 * * 世界各国的油耗法规比较 * * 满足油耗法规要求的措施 降低车辆油耗减少CO2排放的途径： 车辆轻量化； 发动机排量小型化； 轻型车辆柴油化 采用新技术发动机 均质压燃发动机 缸内汽油直喷 * * CO2排放量与发动机类型和车重关系 800 1000 1200 1400 1600 1800 0 50 100 150 200 250 300 350 400 车辆总质量 [kg] CO2 排放量 [g / km] 汽油机 轿车用发动机 非直喷柴油机 直喷柴油机 缸内汽油直喷 资料来源: AVL 欧洲汽车制造商协会2008年目标：140 g/km Smart CDI * * 谢谢! * * * * * * The test cycle in Directive 91/441/EC was modified in Directive 69/96/EC. The emissions are now measured from ‘key-on’. Previously sampling only began after 40 seconds. The first part of the cycle is the UN ECE Regulation 15 test cycle design to represent urban driving (UDC = urban driving cycle). The last part is the EUDC = extra urban driving cycle, designed to be representative of faster driving. No driving cycle is truly representative of all driving conditions, but its development represents a reasonable compromise between having a simple cost-effective cycle and having a highly complex one. * Emission limits for gasoline cars were first introduced in 1970. This graphs uses the 83/351/EEC Directive as the baseline (i.e 100%) * * * * * A weighted cycle of 13 speed and load points that cover the typical operating range of diesel engines. During each mode the concentration of each gaseous pollutant, exhaust flow and power output is determined. The PM is diluted, and one sample of the complete test procedure is taken, and collected on a filter. Additionally NOx is measured at three test point within the control area selected by the Technical service and the measured values compared to the values calculated from these modes of the test cycle enveloping the selected test